Objectives The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of iatrogenic hypothyroidism, with or without azotaemia, based on the measurement of serum total thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and creatinine concentrations, in hyperthyroid cats undergoing radioiodine (131I) treatment where the 131I dose was calculated using a previously described scoring system. A secondary aim of the study was to determine the positive and negative predictive values of serum T4 and TSH concentrations obtained 19 days after treatment in order to predict the development of iatrogenic hypothyroidism 6–9 months after 131I treatment. Methods Serum T4, TSH and creatinine concentrations were measured 19 days and 6–9 months after 131I treatment. The prevalence of iatrogenic hypothyroidism was assessed with the results obtained 6–9 months after 131I treatment. Results The prevalence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism 6–9 months after 131I treatment was 40.0% (22/55 cats) and 12.7% (7/55 cats). Overt hypothyroidism with azotaemia was diagnosed in 8/55 (14.5%) cats. The positive and negative predictive values for the prediction of the development of iatrogenic hypothyroidism 6–9 months after 131I treatment were 72.2% and 80.0%, respectively, for a low serum T4 concentration, and 75.0% and 44.6%, respectively, for an increased serum TSH concentration. Conclusions and relevance The use of an individualised scoring system is effective in determining the 131I dose for the treatment of hyperthyroid cats. However, the prevalence of overt hypothyroidism was higher in comparison with other studies using different dosing protocols. Further studies comparing the efficacy of individualised scoring systems and different fixed doses to determine which method is superior are warranted.

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There is limited veterinary literature about dogs or cats with ileocolic junction resection and its long-term follow-up. To evaluate the long-term outcome in a cohort of dogs and cats that underwent resection of the ileocolic junction without extensive (50%) small or large bowel resection. Medical records of dogs and cats that had the ileocolic junction resected were reviewed. Follow-up information was obtained either by telephone interview or e-mail correspondence with the referring veterinary surgeons. Nine dogs and nine cats were included. The most common cause of ileocolic junction resection was intussusception in dogs (5/9) and neoplasia in cats (6/9). Two dogs with ileocolic junction lymphoma died postoperatively. Only 2 of 15 animals, for which long-term follow-up information was available, had soft stools. However, three dogs with suspected chronic enteropathy required long-term treatment with hypoallergenic diets alone or in combination with medical treatment to avoid the development of diarrhoea. Four of 6 cats with ileocolic junction neoplasia were euthanised as a consequence of progressive disease. Dogs and cats undergoing ileocolic junction resection and surviving the perioperative period may have a good long-term outcome with mild or absent clinical signs but long-term medical management may be required.

ObjectiveTo describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic investigations, and outcome of a dog with pregnancy‐associated immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia.Case summaryA 6‐year‐old, pregnant Bichon Frise was presented due to lethargy, inappetence, and progressive regenerative anemia with spherocytosis. The dog had been recently receiving ranitidine and amoxicillin/clavulanate. An in‐house saline agglutination test identified marked agglutination and a urinalysis identified hemoglobinuria. Thoracic and abdominal imaging, as well as infectious diseases testing, was unremarkable. The bitch started whelping shortly following hospitalization, and the anemia progressively resolved without any other intervention. Ranitidine and amoxicillin/clavulanate were re‐introduced within the following 2 months but the anemia did not reoccur. In light of these findings, a diagnosis of pregnancy‐associated immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia was made.New or unique information providedPregnancy‐associated immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia should be considered in female dogs that develop severe hemolytic anemia during pregnancy and may resolve spontaneously following parturition.

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A six-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair was referred because of decreased appetite, progressive weight loss and anisocoria. Neurological examination identified a right mydriatic pupil, non-responsive to light, but no other neurological abnormalities or behavioural changes. Neuroanatomical localisation was to the right oculomotor nerve (parasympathetic component). MRI of the brain revealed a large mass affecting the meninges and intraparenchymal lesions in the cerebellum. CT of the thorax identified multiple nodules of different size within the pulmonary parenchyma and pleural and mediastinal effusion. Cytology of the pulmonary nodules revealed neoplastic cells consistent with pulmonary carcinoma, and histopathology of the meninges and brain revealed that the same epithelial population was infiltrating the meninges and the brain parenchyma. Based on these findings, meningeal carcinomatosis secondary to a suspected pulmonary carcinoma was hypothesised.

Primary hyperaldosteronism, also known as Conn's syndrome, is probably the most common adrenocortical disease in cats. As in humans, this disease is suspected to be underdiagnosed in cats. Cats presenting with systemic arterial hypertension and/or hypokalaemia are erroneously presumed to have chronic kidney disease, and further investigations are not undertaken. This may potentially exclude a significant number of cats from receiving appropriate treatment. It is therefore important for general practitioners to be aware of the disease. This article describes the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic investigations, treatment options and prognosis of feline primary hyperaldosteronism.

A two-year-old entire female miniature dachshund was referred with a 10-day-history of polyuria, polydipsia, vomiting and inappetence and she was diagnosed with a left gastro-azygos portosystemic shunt. The dog underwent surgical attenuation of the shunt with a 5 mm ameroid ring constrictor and recovered uneventfully from the procedure. Two days after surgery, the dog developed acute abdominal pain. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed free peritoneal effusion and analysis of the fluid was consistent with biliary effusion. Diagnosis of biliary peritonitis was therefore made. On exploratory coeliotomy an evident leak of bile from the extrahepatic biliary tree was not detected. However, the gall bladder appeared macroscopically abnormal and a cholecystectomy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed gall bladder infarction characterised by intravascular fibrin thrombi and transmural coagulative necrosis. There was no overt inflammation and the bile was aseptic. The dog recovered uneventfully and was discharged from the hospital 10 days after surgery.