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Our data suggest that Nrf2-mediated ABCG2 over expression in lung adenocarcinoma SP cells might responsible for chemotherapy failure. Therefore, designing novel anticancer drugs that attenuates the Nrf2 and ABCG2 expression, makes SP cells more sensitive to chemotherapy and thus prevent the tumor relapse.

Aims/hypothesis We attempted to elucidate the impacts on and possible mechanisms by which glucose metabolismrelated protein 1 (GMRP1) affects beta cell survival. Methods Adenovirus-mediated GMRP1 overproduction and siRNA-mediated knockdown were performed in INS-1E cells and rat islets, after which cell proliferation or apoptosis were determined, and phosphorylation of Akt and BCL2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD) investigated. INS-1E cells and rat islets were cultured at 5.6 (low) or 25 mmol/l (high) glucose for 24 or 48 h, and cell proliferation or apoptosis and GMRP1 levels were investigated. INS-1E cells were treated for 24 h with 0, 10, 50 and 100 nmol/l insulin, and GMRP1 levels were determined. After INS-1E cells were transfected with siRNA for 72 h, high glucose-induced cell proliferation and insulinstimulated Akt phosphorylation were investigated. Glucose-infused rat models were established and beta cell proliferation and mass were evaluated. Levels of GMRP1, and phosphorylation of Akt and BAD were determined in glucose-infused islets. The GMRP1-mediated Akt pathway was also investigated in db/db mice. Results Overproduction of GMRP1 promoted beta cell proliferation via increased phosphorylation of Akt. Knockdown of Gmrp1 (also known as Btbd10) reduced phosphorylation of Akt with enhanced beta cell apoptosis. High glucose increased GMRP1 levels and cell proliferation in INS-1E cells and islet cells. Knockdown of Gmrp1 decreased high glucose-induced cell proliferation and insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation. Increased GMRP1 levels were involved in the enhancement of beta cell proliferation and mass in glucose-infused islets. Decreased GMRP1 levels may participate in beta cell apoptosis of db/db mice. Conclusions/interpretation GMRP1 regulates pancreatic beta cell proliferation and apoptosis via activation of Akt signalling pathway.

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ABSTRACT. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study to assess the association between IL-10-592 A/C, IL-10-819 C/T, and IL-10-1082 A/G polymorphisms and the risk of liver cirrhosis in a Chinese population. This 1:1-matched case-control study included 192 patients from the Chinese PLA General Hospital. Genotypes of IL-10-592 A/C, IL-10-819 C/T, and IL-10-1082 A/G were detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Conditional regression analysis showed that individuals carrying the IL-10-1082 G allele had an only slightly increased risk of liver cirrhosis, with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 2.14 (0.97-1.68). However, we did not identify a significant association between polymorphisms in IL-10-592 A/C and IL-10-819 C/T and the risk of liver cirrhosis. These findings may provide important clues for future studies of early detection screening of liver cirrhosis.

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adverse events (TRAEs) that occurred in 15% of patients were increased ALT/AST, dry mouth, hypertension, diarrhea, increased creatinine, QT prolongation, thrombocytopenia, peripheral edema, and rash. Only 1.5% (2 of 136) of East Asian patients discontinued selpercatinib due to TRAEs. Conclusion: In this heavily pretreated population of East Asian patients with RET fusion-positive NSCLC, treatment with selpercatinib resulted in a marked and durable tumor response with a well-tolerated safety profile that was consistent with previously reported results from LIBRETTO-001. No new safety signals were identified.