A three-axis atomic magnetometer for nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes (NMRGs) is demonstrated. To satisfy the miniaturization demand of NMRGs, a magnetic-resonance-based atomic magnetometer is used to detect the longitudinal magnetic field. Simultaneously, the longitudinal field is modulated to measure the magnetic field in x and y axes based on a nonlinear magneto-optical rotation magnetometer. Magnetic field sensitivities of 100 fT/Hz1/2 in x and y axes and 20 fT/Hz1/2 in the z axis are achieved. The bandwidths of this magnetometer are 96 Hz in x and y axes and 6 Hz in the z axis. A high-sensitivity three-axis magnetometer is essential to accomplish the rotation detection in NMRGs and also plays a vital role in optimizing the performance of gyroscopes.
We report on the realization of modulation transfer spectroscopy on the D 2 transition of 133 Cs for frequency stabilization of the 852 nm distributed Bragg reflector diode lasers. Proper modulation frequency, optimal pump and probe beam power are investigated according to the peak-to-peak amplitude and the slope of the modulation transfer spectroscopy signals.The laser frequency can be locked robustly for more than one day. The beat signal between two independent lasers has a frequency drift of 716 kHz at 5000 s. The result shows that the fractional frequency instability of the locked laser falls below 5 × 10 −11 at 1000 s averaging time.
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