No abstract

Satellite laser ranging operating at 1064 nm wavelength using superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) is successfully demonstrated. A SNSPD with an intrinsic quantum efficiency of 80% and a dark count rate of 100 cps at 1064 nm wavelength is developed and introduced to Yunnan Observatory in China. With improved closed-loop telescope systems (field of view of about 26^''), satellites including Cryosat, Ajisai, and Glonass with ranges of 1600 km, 3100 km, and 19,500 km, respectively, are experimentally ranged with mean echo rates of 1200/min, 4200/min, and 320/min, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of laser ranging for satellites using SNSPDs at 1064 nm wavelength. Theoretical analysis of the detection efficiency and the mean echo rate for typical satellites indicate that it is possible for a SNSPD to range satellites from low Earth orbit to geostationary Earth orbit.

Concerns associated with the nondegradability of silica (SiO2)-based nanoplatforms have hindered their potential clinical translation as drug carriers. Hence, in this work, by embedding drug (doxorubicin (DOX) or methylene blue (MB), etc.) molecules into SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), self-decomposable drug-embedded SiO2 NPs were prepared. Importantly, we found that the intermediate morphology during the decomposition depends on the type of the embedded drug molecules, (e.g., DOX results in mesoporous nanostructures; MB results in center-hollowed nanoshells). Second, different from previous studies, the intermediate mesoporous DOX-embedded SiO2 (mDOX@SiO2) NPs with radial mesopores were modified with nuclear localization signal peptides to achieve nuclear targeted DOX delivery upon the fragmentation of NPs. Meanwhile, MB (a widely used photosensitizer) was further uploaded into the mesopores to realize chemo-photodynamic combination therapy. At last, in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy and toxicity of the as-designed drug-delivery system were evaluated. The results showed that compared with the nontargeting and chemotherapy-only systems, the self-decomposable NPs with nuclear targeting capability and MB loading exhibited enhanced therapeutic efficacy, and no noticeable systemic toxicity was observed, indicating that the present system should be a promising paradigm in the design of SiO2-based drug carriers.

No abstract

In this contribution, the 3-dimensional (3D) channel characteristics, particularly in the elevation domains, are extracted through measurements in typical urban macro and micro environments in Xi'an China. Stochastic channel model parameters are obtained based on the high-resolution multi-path parameter estimates. In addition, a modified spatial channel model (SCM) for the line-of-sight (LoS) scenario is proposed where the LoS polarization matrix is parameterized in accordance with the reality. Measurement results justify the reasonability of the proposed model. These works significantly improve the applicability of the ITU SCM models in realistic 3D channel simulations. Index Terms-3-dimensional channel models, elevation of arrival, elevation of departure, line-of-sight, and polarization matrix