The carbohydrate antigen globo H commonly found on breast cancer
cells is a potential target for vaccine therapy. The objectives of this
trial were to determine the toxicity and immunogenicity of three
synthetic globo H-keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugates plus the
immunologic adjuvant QS-21. Twenty-seven metastatic breast cancer
patients received five vaccinations each. The vaccine was well
tolerated, and no definite differences were observed among the three
formulations. Serologic analyses demonstrated the generation of IgM
antibody titers in most patients, with minimal IgG antibody
stimulation. There was significant binding of IgM antibodies to MCF-7
tumor cells in 16 patients, whereas IgG antibody reactivity was
observed in a few patients. There was evidence of complement-dependent
cytotoxicity in several patients. Affinity column purification
supported the specificity of IgM antibodies for globo H. On the basis
of these data, globo H will constitute one component of a polyvalent
vaccine for evaluation in high-risk breast cancer patients.
Low resistivity Ni/Ti/Al ohmic contacts on p-type 4H-SiC epilayer were developed, and their thermal stabilities were also experimentally investigated through high temperature storage at 600 °C for 100 h. The contact resistance of the Al/Ti/Ni/SiC contacts degraded in different degrees, and the contact morphology deteriorated with the increases of the average surface roughness and interface voids. X-ray spectra showed that Ni2Si and Ti3SiC2, which were formed during ohmic contact annealing and contributed to low contact resistivity, were stable under high temperature storage. The existence of the TiAl3 and NiAl3 intermetallic phases was helpful to prevent Al agglomeration on the interface and make the contacts thermally stable. Auger electron spectroscopy indicated that the incorporation of oxygen at the surface and interface led to the oxidation of Al or Ti resulting in increased contact resistance. Also, the formation of these oxides roughened the surface and interface. The temperature-dependence of the specific contact resistance indicated that a thermionic field emission mechanism dominates the current transport for contacts before and after the thermal treatment. It suggests that the Ni/Ti/Al composite ohmic contacts are promising for SiC devices to be used in high temperature applications.
A novel adaptive randomized Hough transform using moving window for circle detection was proposed. In the method, circle detection is done by the standard randomized Hough transform, with a moving window to increase local signal-to-noise ratio for improving the detection rate. Parameters of the randomized Hough transform are set adaptively according to the currently windowed image part to reduce the detecting time while maintaining the user-preferred detection rate. Experimental results on an image database show that the proposed algorithm is effective and superior to other circle detection methods in applications where the range of radii of the circles to be detected is known a priori.
A concise and totally synthetic route involving the merger of a fully deprotected glycosylamine and a minimally protected aspartic acid containing peptide has enabled the homogeneous N‐linked glycopeptide 1 to be synthesized. The other key conversions in the synthesis are the progression from glycal to free oligosaccharide hemiacetal and subsequent amination with high efficiency.
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