A preocupación polos modelos de lingua, especialmente os presentes na actividade pública, vén sendo obxecto de discusión nos últimos anos, baixo a etiqueta de “calidade da lingua” ou de “autenticidade”. Neste artigo arguméntase que o estudo da variación, especialmente desde a perspectiva da sociolingüística interaccional, resulta imprescindible para comprender o comportamento das persoas que están a usar a lingua no espazo público. A partir dese coñecemento a lingüística poderá realizar algunhas contribucións útiles para que as persoas que protagonizan eses espazos sociais poidan desenvolver as variedades que lles permitan alcanzar os seus obxectivos comunicativos, mais, cando menos no tocante á lingua oral, esas variedades non son susceptibles dunha planificación de arriba a abaixo como ocorre con certos aspectos do estándar escrito.
This study examines the sibilant fricatives produced by seventeen Galician and twenty-two Portuguese speakers. Galician and Portuguese are closely related languages that present important continuities, although it is in their phonological and phonetic systems that they diverge most obviously. By means of the analysis of spectra and spectral moments, chiefly the spectral mean, postalveolar sibilants and front (alveolar or alveolo-dental) sibilants are differentiated in both Galician and Portuguese. Much variation has been found in front sibilant realizations among speakers and even between different realizations by the same speaker. This variation is especially striking among male Galician speakers, where it was possible to distinguish three different articulations, identified here as an apico-aveolar [s̺], a lamino-alveolar [s], and a lamino-dental [s̪] sibilant. The research results point to a loss of phonetic diversity on the Portuguese side of the political border, while in Galicia it is better preserved, although it is losing ground.
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