Non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) had been previously isolated from cotton fiber but their functions were unclear so far. Bioinformatic analysis of the tetraploid cotton genome database identified 138 nsLTP genes, falling into the 11 groups as reported previously. Different from Arabidopsis, cacao, and other crops, cotton type XI genes were considerably expanded and diverged earlier on chromosome At11, Dt11, and Dt08. Corresponding to the type XI genes, the type XI proteins (GhLtpXIs) all contained an extra N-terminal cap resulting in larger molecular weight. The research revealed that the expression of type XI genes was dramatically increased in fibers of tetraploid cotton compared with the two diploid progenitors. High-level of GhLtpXIs expression was observed in long-fibered cotton cultivars during fiber elongation. Ectopic expression of GhLtpXIs in Arabidopsis significantly enhanced trichome length, suggesting that GhLtpXIs promoted fiber elongation. Overall, the findings of this research provide insights into phenotypic evolution of Gossypium species and regulatory mechanism of nsLTPs during fiber development.HIGHLIGHTA specific group, type XI nsLTPs, was identified with predominant expression in elongating fibers of Gossypium hirsutum based on evolutionary, transcriptional, and functional analyses.
Cooperative communication usually shares a common model one source, several relays and one destination. In this paper, we consider the multi-source scenario in a cell to carry on cooperative communication. However, multi-user setting might causes interference in the network, given this interference, the process of relaying selection applies SINR (signal to interference noise ratio) as a criterion. As a whole network, the system has two major tasks, one is to maximize sum-rate, and the other is to allocate power efficiently. We research several factors that affect system performance, including number of users, cooperative radius. We apply opportunistic relaying scheme in this multi-source scenario and introduce the power efficiency in order to compare the power utilization ratio. Simulation studies show that opportunistic relaying scheme has many advantages.
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