Lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (0.8Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.2PbTiO3, PMN-PT) thick films in the thickness range about 75 μm have been successfully fabricated on Au-coated Al2O3 substrates by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Non-aqueous colloidal suspensions suitable for EPD were prepared by mixing ultrasonically PMN-PT particles in ethanol with pH=6.0. The effect of EPD process parameters such as deposition voltage, deposition time and the specific deposition mass of PMN-PT particles were investigated. The EPD parameters were optimized in order to obtain crack-free, high-quality uniform ceramic films. The deposited pyrochlore-free PMN-PT thick films were sintered at 1000oC for 30 min, and the phase evolvement and the microstructure of the film were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope.
Relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN) crystals were grown at low temperature by a single-step hydrothermal process, using the mixture of PbO, MgO and Nb2O5 as precursors. The precursors were just heated to 150 oC for 24 h. The effect of the KOH concentration on the morphology and microstructure of PMN crystals was systematically investigated. The optimum KOH concentration was found to be 11M, which led to the stabilization of the perovskite crystals against the pyrochlore phase, and to the growth of high-quality PMN crystals suitable for subsequent characterization. According to morphological evolution during the reaction, two possible growth mechanisms are proposed. When the KOH concentration is 11M, at the early stage of the reaction, the starting materials dissolve, and then promote the formation of spherical intermediate pyrochlore phase followed by the formation of primary cubic PMN crystals. At the same time, a platelet-shaped intermediate pyrochlore phase also forms and then grows into larger platelet-shaped PMN crystals.
Barium modified lead zirconate titanate (PBZT) thin films were grown epitaxially on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering deposition and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Depending on the growth condition, a wide variation of crystal structure and morphology was evolved in PBZT thin films. The formation of phase structure and pyrochlore phase was strongly dependent on the oxygen partial pressure and re-evaporation of lead from the films during the deposition. Perovskite films were obtained by optimizing the deposition conditions and analyzed by the ferroelectric hysteresis (P~E).
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