Evaluación de la severidad de la pudrición del tronco en Gmelina arborea Roxb. ResumenSe evaluó la severidad del daño causado por la pudrición del tronco en melina que se manifiesta desde los primeros meses de vida del árbol. El estudio fue realizado en siete ensayos clonales de Gmelina arborea, establecidos en el Pacífico Sur de Costa Rica. En los ensayos se evaluaron genotipos seleccionados en la Zona Norte y Sur del país. Con base en un análisis de la expresión de la sintomatología, se propuso una escala de diagramática de la severidad de la pudrición del tronco de G. arborea, basada en cinco grados de avance del daño. La escala se validó al utilizarla en otras plantaciones afectadas y localizadas en el Pacífico Sur del país. Los síntomas incipientes se manifiestan con una marchitez foliar generalizada, que luego ocasiona pérdida foliar y continúa avanzando hasta observarse la Abstract Stem-rot severity assessment in Gmelina arborea Roxb.A severity evaluation of melina stem-rot damage was accomplished. This disease shows up as early as after some few months in the span of life in a plantation. The study was based on seven G. arborea clonal tests established in Costarican South Pacific, which evaluated genotypes selected in northern and southern regions of the country. Based on symptomatology expression analysis, it was proposed a five-severity degrees scale of G. arborea stem-rot, which allows a qualification of injuries progress. The severity scale was verified on different infected plantations nearby in south Pacific of the country. Initial symptoms show widespread wilting foliage, which progresses until complete foliage loss and, 2Revista Forestal Mesoamericana Kurú | Volumen especial | págs 01-10
The study was performed in two stages, both under conditions of minitunel. In the first, extracts of metabolites and biomass of two isolates of Trichoderma spp (LaBioTD37, MOTrh coded) was applied individually and jointly with indole butyric acid (rooting hormone). The analysis of the results showed that the lowest shoot mortality were recorded for treatments corresponding to MOTrh (T2), LaBioTD37 (T3), MOTrh+rooting (T5), LaBioTD37+rooting (T6) and MOTrh+LaBioTD37+rooting (T7). The latter treatments (T6 and T7), showed the highest rooting percentage (97,5% and 95% respectively). Statistically it was determined that the combination of each isolate with rooting hormone (T5, T6, T7) increased the number of roots per shoot, showing greater root length compared with the control. In the second stage, it was determined that the mixture MOTrh+ LaBioTD37 applied to the base of the shoot and inoculated the pellet (T6),
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