This study examines an unexplored type of speech act named jian, which took place uniquely in the
context of ancient China. Taking it as a Power Threatening Act rather than a commonly studied Face Threatening Act, this study
examined remonstrators’ strategic modulation of their jian, and the factors that might have influenced the choice
of modulation strategies. The data come from Zizhi Tongjian. The major findings are as follows: first, the speech
act of jian contained both ritualised and non-ritualised aspects; second, remonstrators would adopt different
modulation strategies when performing jian, which can be generally divided into three modulation orientations of
redress, aggravation, and a combination of redress and aggravation, with different degrees of rituality; third, the choices of
modulation strategies reflected the game playing of the requirements of affiliational propriety and illocutionary effect within
the jian act.
A 2.5-GS/s 12-bit four-way time-interleaved pipelined-SAR ADC is presented in 28-nm CMOS. A bias-enhanced ring amplifier is utilized as the residue amplifier to achieve high bandwidth and excellent power efficiency compared with a traditional operational amplifier. A high linearity front-end is proposed to alleviate the non-linearity of the diode for ESD protection in the input PAD. The embedded input buffer can suppress the kickback noise at high input frequencies. A blind background calibration based on digital-mixing is used to correct the mismatches between channels. Additionally, an optional neural network calibration is also provided. The prototype ADC achieves a low-frequency SNDR/SFDR of 51.0/68.0 dB, translating a competitive FoMw of 0.48 pJ/conv.-step at 250 MHz input running at 2.5 GS/s.
While previous studies highlight the dynamic nature of identity co-construction, how and especially why speakers
construct and shift their own multiple identities still remains understudied. The present study argues that identity is part of
speaker communicative resources as evidenced by radio program hosts’ strategic employment and shift among their different
identities to facilitate their interactional purposes. Based on data drawn from radio medical consultations, this article attempts
to reveal the dynamic adaptability of hosts’ identity construction. It is found that (1) in general, hosts of medical consultation
programs construct three identities for themselves, namely an authoritative expert identity, a caring friend identity and a sales
representative identity; (2) the three identities constructed are respectively adaptable to power relationships, solidarity and
role relationships between hosts and callers in conversation; (3) the three identities shift in conversations to facilitate
callers’ purchasing acts.
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