Heavy metal accumulation is effect normal plant growth, and brings potential human health risk in edible and medicinal plants. Erigeron breviscapus is a famous and important traditional China medicine plant, but research of absorption and accumulation for heavy metal is very limited, however that will help the guarantee of quality and food safety as medicine, and offer cultivation guidance and selection of main medicinal parts. The results showed that in pollution-free soil four heavy metals (lead, chromium, cadmium and cuprum) are low concentration in Erigeron breviscapus, but with an increase of heavy metal concentration in soil its amount showed a rising trend in different organs. Lead and chromium enriched mainly by plant root, but cadmium and cuprum easily transfer into above-ground parts because of strongly translocation ability themselves. Therefore cultivate of medicine materials must select pollution-free soil to avoid direct and indirect danger from heavy metal pollution.
Eupatorium adenophorumspreng is a global invade weed but is also an excellent enrichment plant for heavy metal. However, the characteristics of physiology is still not clear under heavy metals stress. The research focused on changes of plant height, basal diameter, leaf length and width, POD activity, protein content, chlorophyll content, electric conductivity and MDA content in different Pb concentration. The results showed that all indexes were descend in different extent in Pb condition, especially part indexes, such as plant height, soluble and insoluble protein and POD activity, were significant difference with control. But, combined treatment condition (500-2000 mg/kg) with these indexesEupatorium adenophorumspreng showed the better characteristics to as a pioneering plant for ecological restoration of some serious mining wasteland.
Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand-Mazz is the raw materials to product Health drugs and injectable formulations. Study the genetic diversity of Erigeron breviscapus under harmful substances stress provides insight into their genetic variation characteristics under stress. In this research, genetic diversity of Erigeron breviscapus under heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Hg, Cu, Pb) stress with different concentrations were analyzed by using 8 inter-simple sequence repeat markers (ISSR). The results showed that Erigeron breviscapus had rich genetic variation under five different kinds heavy metals stress. A total of 96 bands were amplified, of which 80 polymorphic bands were discovered and the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) was 83.33%. Their indexes of Na, Ne, H, I and PPB were calculated. Richer genetic diversity was discovered under Cu stress, followed by Cd, Cr, Pb and Hg stress in order. This study will be provide a scientific basis to improve the quality Erigeron breviscapus and optimize its growing conditions.
Soft rice is a kind of high-quality rice between glutinous rice and sticky rice. It has low amylose content, crystal clear grains, sweet taste, soft glutinous, and is suitable for cooking and porridge. Chalkiness in soft rice is a white opaque part formed by loose endosperm. It is an important character that affects the appearance quality, processing, and cooking quality of rice, and also an important limiting factor that restricts the standard rate of high-quality rice in China. The combination of scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) can be used for in-depth analysis of rice, visualization, and quantitative analysis of element distribution in rice. The results showed that there were many kinds of mineral elements in soft rice seeds, among which C and O were the most abundant, followed by N and P, and Mg, Al, P, S, K, Ca, Mn, and Zn were less. The contents of C, N, P, and S in the non-chalky area were significantly higher than those in the chalky area. Especially N and S were the best indicators of protein, and the contents in the chalky area were higher than those in the non-chalky area. It means that the protein content in the chalky part of soft rice seed is less than that in the non-chalky part, which affects the nutritional quality of soft rice. Therefore, the results of this study laid a solid foundation for the in-depth analysis of the distribution of mineral elements and protein in soft rice and their effects on the quality of soft rice, which also provided important information for the cultivation of new high-quality rice varieties in the future.
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