A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) mirror based endoscopic swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system that can perform three-dimensional (3-D) imaging at high speed is reported. The key component enabling 3-D endoscopic imaging is a two-axis MEMS scanning mirror which has a 0.8×0.8 mm2 mirror plate and a 1.6×1.4 mm2 device footprint. The diameter of the endoscopic probe is only 3.5 mm. The imaging rate of the SS-OCT system is 50 frames/s. OCT images of both human suspicious oral leukoplakia tissue and normal buccal mucosa were taken in vivo and compared. The OCT imaging result agrees well with the histopathological analysis.
In this paper, a highly isolated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array is proposed for fifth-generation (5G) metal frame smartphones. The eight identical small-sized inverted F-shaped folded slots are etched on the metal frame as a MIMO antenna. The bandwidth of the antenna can be adjusted by changing one of the short branches of the antenna. The bandwidth of the antenna can reach the N79 band (4.4~5.0 GHz). By carefully arranging the positions of the eight antenna elements, ideal spatial diversity can be successfully achieved to mitigate the coupling between the antenna elements effectively. What is more, a small combination slot of C-shape (0.0078 × 0.047λ2) and vertical I-shape (0.12 × 0.004λ2) between each antenna element is introduced to improve the element isolation of the MIMO antenna system. The proposed MIMO array has been simulated, fabricated, and measured. The results show good impedance matching (return loss > 6 dB) and high isolation (>22 dB). Due to the decent element isolation, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) between each antenna element is below 0.049. It can provide a reliable anti-interference performance for the MIMO antenna system. In addition, the measured radiation efficiencies of the MIMO antenna system are higher than 50%. The interaction of the hand model with the MIMO antenna system is also investigated, including the specific absorption rate (SAR).
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