Rao, X.; Li, L.; Amini, F., and Tang, H., 2012. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics modeling of combined wave and surge overtopping and hydraulic erosion of an articulated concrete block-strengthened levee system. Journal of Coastal Research, 28(6), 1500-1511. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Combined wave and surge overtopping may cause damage on earthen levees. Levee strengthened on the levee crest and landward-side slope can provide protection against the erosion damage induced by the combined wave and surge overtopping. In this paper combined wave overtopping and storm surge overflow of a levee with a trapezoidal cross section strengthened by an articulated concrete block (ACB) system was studied in a purely Lagrangian and meshless approach, two-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model. By comparing with the results of full-scale experiment data, the model was verified, and the erosion parameters were calibrated. Time series of overtopping discharge and flow thickness at six locations on the levee crest and landward-side slope were calculated. New equations were developed for average overtopping discharge, mean flow thickness, root mean square (RMS) wave height, mean velocity, and velocity of the wave front down the landward-side slope. The shear stresses on the levee crest and landwardside slope were calculated. The characteristics of soil loss were given. Equations were also provided to estimate soil loss. The range of the application of these equations was discussed.ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS: SPH method, combined wave and surge overtopping, articulated concrete block system, levee, soil erosion.
Post-Katrina investigations revealed that most earthen levee damage occurred on the levee crest and landwardside slope as a result of either wave overtopping, storm surge overflow, or a combination of both. In this paper, combined wave overtopping and storm surge overflow of a levee embankment strengthened with high performance turf reinforcement mat (HPTRM) system was studied in a purely Lagrangian and meshless approach, twodimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model. After the SPH model is calibrated with full-scale overtopping test results, the overtopping discharge, flow thickness, flow velocity, average overtopping velocity, shear stress, and soil erosion rate are calculated. New equations are developed for average overtopping discharge. The shear stresses on landward-side slope are calculated and the characteristics of soil loss are given. Equations are also provided to estimate soil loss rate. The range of the application of these equations is discussed.
Surge overflow may cause damage on earthen levees. Levee strengthened on the levee crest and landward-side slope can provide protection against the erosion damage induced by surge overflow. In this paper, surge overflow of a roller compacted concrete RCC strengthened levee was studied in a purely Lagrangian and meshless approach, the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. After verifying the developed model with analytical solution and comparing the results with full-scale experimental data, the roughness and erosion parameters were calibrated. The water thickness, flow velocity, and erosion depth at crest, landward-side slope and toe were calculated. The characteristics of flow hydraulics and erosion on the RCC strengthened levee are given. The results indicate that the RCC strengthened levee can resist erosion damage for a long period.
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