Fibrous material with high strength and large stretchability is an essential component of high‐performance wearable electronic devices. Wearable electronic systems require a material that is strong to ensure durability and stability, and a wide range of strain to expand their applications. However, it is still challenging to manufacture fibrous materials with simultaneously high mechanical strength and the tensile property. Herein, the ultra‐robust (≈17.6 MPa) and extensible (≈700%) conducting microfibers are developed and demonstrated their applications in fabricating fibrous mechanical sensors. The mechanical sensor shows high sensitivity in detecting strains that have high strain resolution and a large detection range (from 0.0075% to 400%) simultaneously. Moreover, low frequency vibrations between 0 and 40 Hz are also detected, which covers most tremors that occur in the human body. As a further step, a wearable and smart health‐monitoring system has been developed using the fibrous mechanical sensor, which is capable of monitoring health‐related physiological signals, including muscle movement, body tremor, wrist pulse, respiration, gesture, and six body postures to predict and diagnose diseases, which will promote the wearable telemedicine technology.
Li metal has been recognized as the most promising anode materials for next-generation high-energy-density batteries, however, the inherent issues of dendrite growth and huge volume fluctuations upon Li plating/stripping normally result in fast capacity fading and safety concerns. Functionalized Cu current collectors have so far exhibited significant regulatory effects on stabilizing Li metal anodes (LMAs), and hold a great practical potential owing to their easy fabrication, low-cost and good compatibility with the existing battery technology. In this review, a comprehensive overview of Cu-based current collectors, including planar modified Cu foil, 3D architectured Cu foil and nanostructured 3D Cu substrates, for Li metal batteries is provided. Particularly, the design principles and strategies of functionalized Cu current collectors associated with their functionalities in optimizing Li plating/stripping behaviors are discussed. Finally, the critical issues where there is incomplete understanding and the future research directions of Cu current collectors in practical LMAs are also prospected. This review may shed light on the critical understanding of current collector engineering for high-energy-density Li metal batteries.
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