The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is considered a simple surrogate marker for insulin resistance and has been associated with cerebrovascular diseases. However, limited information is available regarding its association with the subclinical cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Here, we investigated the association of TyG index with the burden and distribution of enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) in the non-diabetic population. The data of 531 non-diabetic patients from 2017 to 2020 were assessed. Participants were grouped according to the burden of EPVS. TyG index was calculated using the log scale of fasting triglycerides (mg/dl) × fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2. The association of TyG index with EPVS burden and distribution was evaluated. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, the TyG index was associated with moderate to severe EPVS [odds ratio (OR): 2.077; 95% CI = 1.268–3.403]. The TyG index was significantly associated with an increased risk of moderate to severe EPVS in subgroups of age <65 years, male, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <90 mmHg, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥2.85 mmol/L, serum homocysteine <10 μmol/L, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <90 ml/min/1.73 m2, as well as those without smoking. Further analysis of EPVS distribution, the TyG index was found to be associated with moderate to severe EPVS in the centrum semiovale (CSO), not in the basal ganglia (BG). Conclusively, the TyG index was independently and positively associated with moderate to severe CSO EPVS. TyG index may serve as an independent risk factor for CSVD in clinical practice.

Background Although many studies have demonstrated the commodity of psoriasis with migraine and indicated that they may have similar susceptibility genes and pathophysiologic mechanism, the clinic association between the migraine and psoriasis remains unclear. Methods We have already searched Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science for case–control, cross-sectional, or cohort studies, and extract rate, odds or risk of migraine in subjects with psoriasis or without psoriasis. Using defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally include nine studies. Pooling of the suitable data was applied when necessary. Results Five cross-sectional studies included 6355 psoriasis patients and 934413 controls, migraine highly occurred in psoriasis patient (pooled OR 1.64; 95% confidence interval [1.28; 2.11]). In addition, with 4375 psoriasis patients provided, the rate of migraine occurred in psoriasis patient (pooled rate 0.21; 95% confidence interval [0.13; 0.35]). Conclusion Migraine and psoriasis present a clear co-occurrence and similar pathophysiologic mechanism, which lead to the assumption that the two diseases might be linked. Screening and selection of proper assessment of migraine among psoriasis patients are warranted and needed.

Background The anti‐ageing gold standard, retinol, has been widely recognized for its anti‐wrinkle benefits in the Chinese population. Studies have shown that Asians are more sensitive to retinol compared to their Caucasian counterparts, and it is generally recommended to use retinol once a day in the evening. However, there are few reports on the most appropriate concentration and frequency of retinol use in the general Chinese population. Objectives In this study, supramolecular retinol was prepared using cyclodextrin encapsulation technology, and the most appropriate concentration for the general Chinese population was investigated. Then, a cosmetic essence was developed by combining the classic supramolecular retinol, which promotes collagen regeneration, with acetyl hexapeptide‐1, a popular ingredient known for reducing expression lines. The safety and efficacy of this cosmetic essence were studied through clinical tests. Methods First, a patch test was conducted on 32 healthy Chinese subjects to compare the tolerance of supramolecular retinol to non‐encapsulated retinol and to select the optimal concentration of retinol. Then, an 8‐week clinical study was conducted using a twice‐daily cosmetic essence containing 0.1% supramolecular retinol and 0.02% acetyl hexapeptide‐1 to treat mild photoaging in 32 middle‐aged Chinese women. Dermatological evaluations and instrument measurements were taken at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Efficacy was assessed using facial skin wrinkles, textures, elasticity, firmness, pores, gloss and stratum corneum hydration. Tolerability was assessed throughout the study. Results Our patch test results showed that supramolecular retinol was better tolerated than non‐encapsulated retinol, and our findings suggest that 0.1% was the approximate optimal retinol concentration for the general Chinese population. The cosmetic essence studied was effective in improving the appearance of photoaged skin in the Chinese population in all aspects studied and was well tolerated. Conclusions 0.1% retinol is suitable for twice daily use in the general Chinese population. Data and records on efficacy dimensions of skin textures, elasticity, firmness, pores, gloss and stratum corneum hydration for retinol in the Chinese population are supplemented with our study. Cosmeceutical approaches targeting both static and dynamic wrinkles are of value for treating the photoaged Chinese population.