The whole process of concrete slump experiment was simulated with Particle Flow Code 3 Dimensions (PFC3D) software based on discrete element simulation. The simulation results are in good agreement with the macroscopic results obtained from field experiments, indicating that the use of PFC software for concrete had the feasibility of slump experiment simulation. The software simulation results have a good observation on the speed and direction of the particles in the process of concrete slump.
Wet shotcrete support is the main support method for underground engineering construction at present. The rebound rate is one of the indicators to evaluate the support effect, and a lower rebound rate will improve the construction effect of wet shotcrete. The concrete aggregates available in different regions of China have different particle sizes. To achieve better supporting effect, the discrete element method is used to simulate the spraying process of wet shotcrete. By constructing the nozzle structure and simplifying the concrete structure, the paper establishes the discrete element model of wet shotcrete. Using the above model, the paper analyzes the effects of injection distance and shrinkage angle on the injection rebound rate of concrete with three aggregate sizes of 5∼11 mm, 11∼17 mm, and 17∼25 mm. The optimal construction parameters of concrete with different aggregate particle size ratios were obtained through simulation experiments. The simulation results are highly consistent with the field experimental structure. It is feasible to simulate wet shotcrete spraying process by the discrete element method.
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