Polydopamine
(PDA)-coated or encapsulating Cu3(PO4)2 (Cu3(PO4)2@PDA)
nanosheets were synthesized, allowing the C-reaction protein (CRP)
antibody to be attached electrostatically for immunosensing of CRP
with simple photothermal detection. The antibody-covered Cu3(PO4)2@PDA nanosheets replace the antibody-conjugated
enzyme in the enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays. Owing to the high
surface area of the 2-D-structured Cu3(PO4)2@PDA nanosheets and the coabsorption of light in the near-IR
spectrum by Cu3(PO4)2 and PDA, a
small amount of Cu3(PO4)2@PDA confined
in the wells of a titer plate generates an easily detectable temperature
change after irradiation at 808 nm. The temperature changes, measured
by an inexpensive pen-type thermometer, increased linearly with the
analyte concentration from 0.42 to 16 pM. We found that the linear
relationship can be fitted by the isotherm derived from responses
collected from heterogeneous sensors covered with different ligand
or antibody densities. The low detection limit (0.11 pM) is largely
due to the attachment of a great number of antibodies onto the flat
nanosheets. The antibody-covered Cu3(PO4)2@PDA nanosheets are stable and can be used under conditions
that are generally unfavorable to enzymatic activities. The excellent
agreement between our results and immunoturbidimetric assays of CRP
in serum samples from patients and healthy donors demonstrates its
utility for disease diagnosis in clinical settings. This cost-effective,
biocompatible, and convenient photothermal immunosensor affords a
range of possibilities for detecting diverse protein biomarkers.
Pathogenic bacteria infections bring about a substantial risk to human health. Given the development of antibiotic-resistance bacteria, alternative antibacterial strategies with great inactivation efficiency and bacteria-binding ability are extremely attractive. In this work, a metabolic labeling photosensitizer, prepared by the coupling of commercial IR820 and Dpropargylglycine (a type of D-amino acid, DAA) via a straightforward one-step incubation (IR820-DAA), could metabolically be incorporated into the bacterial wall via enzymatic reactions, thus enhancing antibacterial efficiency. The laser energy at 808 nm could make IR820-DAA a synergistic photothermal/ photodynamic agent for efficient antibacterial therapy and wound healing. Furthermore, IR820-DAA exhibits good water solubility and biological safety for clinical translation and even possesses biofilm degradation activity toward methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Overall, the proposed IR820-DAA holds great promise as a nonantibiotic tool for the treatment of bacteria-related diseases and offers a blueprint for building the precise synergistic antibacterial therapeutic platform.
Among
plentiful porous nanomaterials, noble metal aerogels taken
as nanozymes attract broad attention in sensing applications with
their distinct enzyme mimic functions. In the catalytic field, the
heteroatom doping strategy is a kind of way with great promise in
improving the enzyme mimic activity of noble metal aerogels. In this
experiment, we find a type of creative materials that were prepared
by the fast and simple method. Due to the unique porous structure
and synergetic effect from doped atoms, PdRu aerogels co-doped with
boron and nitrogen (B, N-PdRu aerogels) were prepared using NH3BH3 as a reductant, which present improved peroxidase
mimicking activity. With the existence of H2O2, the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine was
catalyzed by B, N-PdRu aerogels fairly efficiently, whose solution
would be a blue appearance at optimum absorption wavelength 652 nm.
Thus, by the tandem reaction bound to the enzyme glucose oxidase,
the B, N-PdRu aerogels can be used for the sensitive determination
of glucose. The new method has a good linear detection effect for
glucose in the range of 10 μM to 2 mM. The minimum limit of
detection can reach as low as 6 μM. This work will contribute
to research on the rational design of metal aerogels based on the
heteroatomic doping strategy and enhance the corresponding performance
for a variety of applications.
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