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Anisotropic metameterials (AM) provide a new avenue for a next-generation silicon platform to design ultra-compact, densely integrated optical components, thus functional devices based on AM are drawing increasing attention recently. Here, we propose a novel efficient polarization beam splitter (PBS) with high polarization extinction ratio based on AM. An ultra-compact coupling region of 2.5 × 14 µm2 is achieved by tailoring the AM structures, which can efficiently suppress the TE mode coupling, and enhance the TM mode coupling in the directional couplers simultaneously. The insertion loss is simulated to be as low as <0.2 dB within a bandwidth of 70 nm for both modes, and the polarization extinction ratio is as high as 46 dB and 33 dB for TE and TM modes, respectively. We also experimentally demonstrate the proposed PBS, with low insertion loss of 1 dB , high extinction ratio of >20 dB and wide operational bandwidth of >80 nm.
We report four-wave mixing with different polarization and spatial modes in a single 4H-silicon carbide photonic device. Our device shows great potential to perform high-dimensional multiplexing for optical communication and high-dimensional entanglement in quantum networks. We use a polarization-insensitive grating coupler and a multimode microring resonator that supports three polarization and spatial mode resonances. Finally, we show the polarization dependence of the third-order nonlinearity of 4H-silicon carbide. The measured nonlinear refractive index of the light polarized along the extraordinary axis, which is n2,TM = (13.1 ± 0.7) × 10−19 m2/W, is twice as large as that of the light polarized along the ordinary plane, n2,TE = (7.0 ± 0.3) × 10−19 m2/W, indicating that the extraordinary polarization is more efficient for nonlinear experiments in the 4H-silicon carbide integrated platforms as compared to the ordinary polarization.
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