Single-crystalline CeO 2 nanorods of the size of about 30 nm diameter and 300 nm length were synthesised by using a strong base-weak acid salt as the precipitant, by a simple hydrothermal method without any surfactant. The structure and properties of the CeO 2 nanorods were characterised by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected-area electron diffraction, UV-visible absorption and scanning electron microscopy field emission. Reaction parameters, such as the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the molar ratio of the reactants and the pH value, were investigated by a series of control experiments. The effect of the strong base-weak acid salt in the synthesis of the CeO 2 nanorods was discussed.
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