Since the 1960s, levodopa (LDA) has been the standard drug for treating of Parkinson's disease. In this study, a novel benzothiadiazole-based conjugated microporous polymercoated graphene heterostructure (CMP-rGO) was synthesized and used to construct a sensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor capable of detecting LDA. Under optimal experimental conditions, the intensity of the photocurrent produced by the sensor was linear from 0.005 to 40 μM, and the limit of detection of the sensor was 0.0027 μM. The sensor showed good repeatability, stability, and selectivity for LDA detection. Finally, the constructed sensor was used to detect LDA in levodopa tablets, human serum samples, and urine samples and satisfactory results were obtained. Therefore, the PEC sensor provides a novel platform for the detection of LDA in real samples and broadens the applications of conjugated microporous polymers in PEC sensing.
In this study, a novel electrochemical sensor was designed to detect luteolin (Lu) with the composite of gold nanoparticles and nickel phthalocyanine-based 2D conductive metal-organic frameworks (Au NPs@NiPc-Cu MOFs) for the first time. The NiPc-Cu MOFs exhibit excellent conductivity, large specific surface area, and porous structure, which can accelerate the mass transfer process of target molecules. To further improve the sensitivity of the sensing platform, Au NPs with outstanding conductivity were introduced to the surface of NiPc-Cu MOFs to prepare Au NPs@NiPc-Cu MOFs. The synergistic effect of NiPc-Cu MOFs and Au NPs endows the sensor with excellent electrocatalytic performance and outstanding sensitivity. Under optimal conditions, the electrochemical sensor has a wide linear range (0.1-40 μM). Moreover, the prepared sensor possesses good stability and anti-interference ability. This method does not require complicated sample pretreatment, simple operation, and short detection time, which can provide a new method for the rapid detection of Lu.
In this study, a novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor based on FeMoSe2 was developed for the detection of berberine hydrochloride (BRH). The photosensitive material Fe-doped MoSe2 (FeMoSe2) was prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. Compared with MoSe2, FeMoSe2 shows superior PEC performance for the sensitive detection of BRH under blue light. Under the best experimental conditions, the PEC sensor presented a wide detection range of 0.025–15.0 μM with a detection limit of 8.4 nM. Therefore, the PEC sensor is considered an effective analytical method for detecting BRH. Moreover, the PEC sensor has good reporducibility and stability. Eventually, the proposed sensor was successfully applied to detect two different types of BRH tablets. This project provides a new pathway for detecting BRH.
Dopamine (DA) is an important central neurotransmitter and plays a significant role in both human physiology and pathology. Consequently, its rapid and sensitive detection is of considerable significance. This study demonstrates the synthesis of a novel quinoxaline-based conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) via a simple Friedel-Crafts reaction. A rapid and sensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor based on the CMP was then constructed and used for the detection of DA. Under optimal experimental conditions, the developed PEC sensor exhibited good detection ability in the linear range of 0.0125-35 μM with a detection limit of 0.007 μM in addition to high selectivity and good repeatability. Furthermore, this sensor enabled the detection of DA in blood serum with a good recovery rate. Therefore, this study presents a new prospective for the application of photoresponsive CMP materials in PEC sensors.
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