In this paper, a simulation model of [Formula: see text] type PiN high voltage pulse open switch is established. The switch operates in “punch through” mode, with a 4 kA/cm2 cut-off current density and sub-nanosecond cut-off speed. The cut-off process of switch can be divided into three stages, that is, non-equilibrium carriers extraction stage, majority carriers drift stage and charging stage of junction capacitance by change of internal electric field and carrier concentration. Keeping injection current and cut-off current as 20 A and 40 A, the switch cut-off speed and “pedestal” voltage are reciprocally determined. Thus, optimizing the doping concentration and thickness of [Formula: see text] layer is a valid solution for the actual system design.
A compact high-power ultra-wideband bipolar pulse generator based on a modified Marx circuit is designed, which is mainly composed of a primary power supply, Marx generator, sharpening and cutoff subnanosecond spark gap switches, and coaxial transmission lines. The Marx generator with modified circuit structure has thirty-two stages and is composed of eight disk-like modules. Each module consists of four capacitors, two spark gap switches, four charging inductors, and a mechanical support. To simplify the design of the charging structure and reduce the number of switches, four groups of inductors are used to charge the capacitors of the Marx generator, two of which are used for positive voltage charging and the other two for negative voltage charging. When the capacitor of each stage is charged to 35 kV, the maximum output peak voltage can reach 1 MV when the Marx generator is open circuit. The high-voltage pulse generated by the Marx generator charges the transmission line and forms a bipolar pulse through sharpening and cutoff switches. All transmission lines used for bipolar pulse generation have an impedance of 10 Ω. When the 950 kV pulse voltage generated by the Marx generator is fed into the transmission line, the bipolar pulse peak voltage can reach 390 kV, the center frequency of the pulse is about 400 MHz, and the output peak power is about 15.2 GW.
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