BackgroundCurrently, Posterior Short Segment Pedicle Screw Fixation is a popular procedure for treating unstable thoracolumbar/lumbar burst fracture. But progressive kyphosis and a high rate of hardware failure because of lack of the anterior column support remains a concern. The efficacy of different methods remains debatable and each technique has its advantages and disadvantages.MethodsA consecutive series of 20 patients with isolated thoracolumbar/lumbar burst fractures were treated by posterior short segment pedicle screw fixation and transforaminal thoracolumbar/lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) between January 2005 and December 2007. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Demographic data, neurologic status, anterior vertebral body heights, segmental Cobb angle and treatment-related complications were evaluated.ResultsThe mean operative time was 167 minutes (range, 150–220). Blood loss was 450 ~ 1200 ml, an average of 820 ml. All patients recovered with solid fusion of the intervertebral bone graft, without main complications like misplacement of the pedicle screw, nerve or vessel lesion or hard ware failure. The post-operative radiographs demonstrated a good fracture reduction and it was well maintained until the bone graft fusion. Neurological recovery of one to three Frankel grade was seen in 14 patients with partial neurological deficit, three grades of improvement was seen in one patient, two grades of improvement was observed in 6 patients and one grade of improvement was found in 6 patients. All the 6 patients with no paraplegia on admission remained neurological intact, and in one patient with Frankel D on admission no improvement was observed.ConclusionPosterior short-segment pedicle fixation in conjunction with TLIF seems to be a feasible option in the management of selected thoracolumbar/lumbar burst fractures, thereby addressing all the three columns through a single approach with less trauma and good results.
BackgroundMetal hypersensitivity, mostly documented in prosthesis implantation, is a rare complication after arthroplasty. Such cases become rarer and more difficult to diagnose when it comes to lumbar surgery.Case presentationWe present the case of a 52-year-old female patient with reoccured low back pain and sciatica after posterior lumbar decompression and fusion (PLDF) for her lumbar disc herniation. The initial clinical and radiological examinations showed no pathologies. Further imaging and histopathological studies in later period revealed an aseptic loosening of the hardware and an aseptic inflammatory response which was diagnosed to be metal hypersensitivity. To our knowledge, few allergic cases in the matter of spinal fusion were reported so far.ConclusionsMetal hypersensitivity after spinal fusion should be considered in patients with representation of postoperative back pain. And elaborate history taking would conduce a lot to it’s diagnose.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2474-15-314) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Sevoflurane has been reported to promote learning and memory disabilities by promoting neuroinflammation and neuroapoptosis. However, the precise mechanism by which sevoflurane mediating neurotoxicity remains to be determined. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, inflammation and apoptosis were measured by cell counting kit-8 assay, ROS kit, ELISA, flow cytometry and western blot assay. The abundance of small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) and microRNA-181b (miR-181b) was measured by quantitative real-time PCR in HT22 cells. The binding sites between miR-181b and SNHG1 were predicted by Starbase, and this combination was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA-pull down assays. Sevoflurane treatment promoted ROS generation, inflammation and apoptosis while impeded the viability of HT22 cells via upregulating long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG1. MiR-181b was a direct target of SNHG1, and it was inversely regulated by SNHG1 in HT22 cells. The overexpression of miR-181b counteracted the neurotoxicity of sevoflurane treatment in HT22 cells. MiR-181b depletion abolished the inhibitory effects of SNHG1 intervention on the ROS generation, inflammation and apoptosis and the promoting impact on the viability of HT22 cells. LncRNA SNHG1 contributed neurotoxicity in sevoflurane-stimulated HT22 cells via downregulating miR-181b. The SNHG1/miR-181b axis was a target for the prevention of sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity.
Apple fruit cover color is an important appearance trait determining fruit quality, high degree of fruit cover color or completely red fruit skin is also the ultimate breeding goal. MdMYB1 has repeatedly been reported as a major gene controlling apple fruit cover color. There are also multiple minor-effect genes affecting degree of fruit cover color (DFC). This study was to identify genome-wide quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and to develop genomics-assisted prediction for apple DFC. The DFC phenotype data of 9,422 hybrids from five full-sib families of Malus asiatica 'Zisai Pearl', M. domestica 'Red Fuji', 'Golden Delicious', and 'Jonathan' were collected in 2014-2017. The phenotype varied considerably among hybrids with the same MdMYB1 genotype. Ten QTLs for DFC were identified using MapQTL and bulked segregant analysis via sequencing. From these QTLs, ten candidate genes were predicted, including MdMYB1 from a year-stable QTL on chromosome 9 of 'Zisai Pearl' and 'Red Fuji'. Then, kompetitive allelespecific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) markers were designed on these candidate genes and 821 randomly selected hybrids were genotyped. The genotype effects of the markers were estimated. MdMYB1-1 (represented by marker H162) exhibited a partial dominant allelic effect on MdMYB1-2 and showed non-allelic epistasis on markers H1245 and G6. Finally, a non-additive QTL-based genomics assisted prediction model was established for DFC. The Pearson's correlation coefficient between the genomic predicted value and the observed phenotype value was 0.5690. These results can be beneficial for apple genomics-assisted breeding and may provide insights for understanding the mechanism of fruit coloration.
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