Green growth of sectors with extensive energy and environmental impacts represented by the iron and steel (IS) industry plays a critical role in fostering sustainable and inclusive development. This paper constructs an updated evaluation model for green growth estimation by combining a global Malmquist–Luenberger index and an epsilon-based measure. A comprehensive decomposition framework is further posited to reveal underlying determinants of green growth. Research findings based on empirical tests from the panel data of Chinese IS firms spanning 2010–2017 demonstrate that the green growth level increased by 0.80% annually and followed the east–central–west gradient distribution. Technology progress and scale efficiency are two main contributors to China’s IS industrial green growth, whereas managerial inefficiency and scale bias of technical change hinder the productivity gains. The aforementioned factors also play different roles in enhancing the green growth of divergent regions. In accordance, context-specific practical implications and suggestions are put forward based on the research findings to facilitate the green growth of China’s IS industry.
Festival tourism is part of a phenomenon which is rather larger than its tourism component. The relationship between people and the various elements of the festival may be complicated by the changing availability of information sources, including web-based sources, as well as changing relationships towards those sources with respect to access ease and trust. A sample of 400 respondents was achieved via online questionnaire distribution to investigate these issues and to formulate lessons that might inform marketing strategies relating to future iterations of the festival. It was found that no straightforward relationships existed with respect to segmentation of the sample and, therefore, population and that attitudes towards both information sources and the institutions of the festival are undergoing a process of change.
Climate change, mainly introduced by extensive carbon dioxide emissions, is at the forefront of today's environmental concerns, and each country and region is responsible for making contributions to address such issues as indicated at the Copenhagen Climate Conference [1, 2]. The Paris Agreement that was released on 12 December 2015, as part of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), is considered a milestone of global governance in dealing with greenhouse gas emissions mitigation, adaptation, and finance. The Chinese government has set strict abatement targets to decrease its carbon emission intensity by 60-65% (from 2005 levels) by 2030 and meet its emission peak around the same time [3]. Although the United States has withdrawn from the agreement (in early 2017), as the biggest emitter worldwide, China is determined to undertake its own responsibilities in controlling climate variation [4]. As such, enormous changes in balancing economic growth
The Huashan Rock Art site is a cultural tourism site of considerable importance in the development of domestic tourism focusing on heritage and history. As a previously peripheral part of Chinese society, Huashan has a significant role in explaining to Chinese people the extent and complexity of their history. Yet development of the research site has been hampered by the lack of tourism infrastructure (e.g. managerial capacity, accommodation, transportation, integrated services and so forth) and the private sector is not well-positioned to make up for the shortfall. The situation compares unfavourably with other destinations in neighbouring provinces. Under these circumstances, a program of qualitative research was launched using in-depth personal interviews to investigate the means by which Huashan Rock Art site is being presented and promoted currently and how can that presentation lead to an emotional and ideological response. It was found that there is some interaction between the type and nature of presentation and the success of the site in terms of destination management and this interaction is explored.
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