There is a wealth of interventions focusing on the intensive use of computers in secondary schools, largely aiming at improving students' performance. However, global evidence on the effects of the use of computers on attitudinal outcomes has not been synthesised so far. Feldfunktion geändertTaking into account that the differences in the attitudes of boys and girls regarding the use of computers are one of the factors described as causes of the low number of girls following ICT studies, the aim of this article is to review the evidence on the effects of intensive use of computers in schools on gender differences in attitudes outcomes: anxiety, enjoyment, self-confidence and self-efficacy. Searches generated a total of 740 citations of which 59 were identified as relevant and nine were finally included.The methodological quality of included studies was poor to moderate. The results suggest that despite the intensive use of computers, boys are favoured in computer anxiety, self-confidence and self-efficacy; and suggest no differences in computer enjoyment.There is no evidence that intensive use of computers reduce gender differences in these outcomes. Further policy recommendations should be rooted on robust evaluations, which take into account implementations parameters, as well.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a global analysis and a synthesis of emerging ethical issues, situations, and questions that face educators using digital technologies. The authors offer a conceptual framework centered on the Ethical Context Continuum (ECC) that integrates how society, culture, values, and technology are perceived by people and create ethical choices that consider the potential harm, benefits or both to individuals and groups. A summary of emerging ethical issue areas is discussed and recommendations are offered for adapting global best practices and lessons learned at the local level in Catalonia. The authors conclude that the range and complexity of potential ethical issues relevant to the use of digital technologies will expand in the future. The development of a comprehensive Code of Ethics for the Use of Digital Technologies is strongly recommended across all societal sectors in Catalonia. These proposals and other recommendations can also be applied in other local and national contexts.

La evaluación de competencias en una experiencia de formación dual de maestros: diferencias y semejanzas entre tutores de escuela y de universidad The competences assessment in a dual training experience of teachers: differences and similarities between school and university tutors A avaliação de competências em uma experiência de formação dual de professores: diferenças e semelhanças entre os tutores da escola e os da universidade

Resumen Partiendo del Proyecto CAPPLE (financiado por el Ministerio español de Economía y Competitividad), en este artículo identificamos las estrategias y las herramientas en red utilizadas por 2054 estudiantes universitarios españoles de último curso para efectuar un tratamiento crítico de la información y gestionar su proceso de aprendizaje. Desde un diseño de investigación no experimental de tipo exploratorio, se ha utilizado un cuestionario validado a través de un triple procedimiento (juicio de expertos, entrevistas cognitivas y estudio piloto) para recoger datos de 75 universidades en España. Los resultados muestran que los futuros profesionales son conscientes de la necesidad de contrastar y aplicar un pensamiento crítico sobre la información que reciben; otorgan credibilidad a la información asociada a su ámbito formativo; cuestionan la recibida del exterior y valoran el uso de herramientas de aprendizaje según la valoración académica que esperan tener. Entre los temas pendientes que abre este trabajo se destaca con nitidez la profundización teórica y práctica sobre la capacidad predictiva de los Entornos Personales de Aprendizaje (PLE): a) como herramienta de evaluación y de aprendizaje en futuras acciones de desempeño laboral y; b) en cómo mejora este desempeño tras una sólida formación en el tratamiento crítico de la información desplegada durante los estudios universitarios de grado.

Aim/Purpose: This article presents a study of ICT use and attitudes related to the computer use of girls and boys from Catalonia in order to detect which gender differences may explain the low presence of women in the ICT field and to design a proposal of actions in schools to help reduce these differences. Background: Since the number of women in the field of ICT remains very low, this study looks into the factors that influence girls’ lack of interest in ICT field. Methodology: The study collected data from 29 randomly selected public secondary schools in Catalonia with a total of 1,920 students (972 boys and 815 girls aged between 11 and 13 years old); it analyzes socio-demographic data, frequency and type of computers use and attitudes and self-efficacy on ICT use. Contribution: The study concludes there is a prevalence of stereotypes about the differences of skills and professional vocation among the teenagers and a gender difference when we focus on attitudes toward computers or self-efficacy. Findings: Boys and girls face computer use in different ways and both have a stereotyped image of their mothers’ and fathers’ digital skills and ICT jobs. Girls present higher levels of anxiety than boys when using a computer and lower self-confidence. Boys have higher self-efficacy than girls when asked for their perception about doing tasks with computers. Impact on Society: Policy makers must design strategies to minimize these gender differences in order to engage more girls in technological studies and minimize this imbalance. Future Research: Future research is needed, in the Catalan context, about whether the intensive use of computers in schools can influence the reduction of the gender-gap and identify which interventions must be made to maximize its effect.