Background: Increasing age of HIV-1 infected population brought about the risk of frailty as comorbidity, whose prevalence is higher in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Indonesia as an LMIC also bears a major burden of HIV-1 epidemic with a similarly aging population, but the prevalence of frailty and its predictors are unknown. Objectives: To identify the prevalence of frailty and analyze its associated factors, among HIV-1 infected adults under antiretroviral therapy in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected individuals with inclusion criteria of age ≥30 years old and underwent ART for at least 6 months. The main assessment was done using Fried’s frailty phenotype score, which categorizes subjects into non-frail, pre-frail, or frail. Factors associated with frailty were characterized and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: A total of 164 subjects were recruited; male subjects were 118 (72%), the median age was 40.5 years old, and the median CD4 nadir was 53 cells/μl. Frailty was identified among 90 (54.9%) subjects with 84 (51.2%) identified as pre-frail and 6 (3.7%) as frail, with dominant frailty phenotype was weakness in grip strength. The multivariate model showed that depression was the only factor significantly correlated with pre-frailty and frailty (OR 2.14; 95% CI 1.04-4.43, p=0.036). Conclusion: Frailty is a common occurrence among HIV-infected patients under ART, with depression as an independent predictive factor.

Objective We aimed to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a large HIV treatment facility in Jakarta, Indonesia, and to assess associated factors. Methods The Indonesian version of Beck Depression Inventory‐II was used to assess depressive symptoms of 346 participants visiting the HIV Integrated Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital between June and November 2018. Results Depressive symptoms (BDI‐II score ≥14) were exhibited by 50.9% of participants, with prevalences of mild, moderate and severe depression of 30.4%, 15.6% and 4.9%, respectively. Poisson regression with robust variance analysis indicated that having lower income (aPR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.12–1.63), duration of ART for 1–5 years (aPR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.01–1.54) and same‐sex partnership (aPR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.02–1.58) were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Age, sex and history of using intravenous drugs, and ART‐based regimen were not associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions Depressive symptoms were common among our population despite long‐term ART use and were associated with having low‐income, ART for 1–5 years and same‐sex partnership.