Inflammatory cell infiltration in tumor stroma may represent the interaction between the tumor and the immune system. The significance of immunoglobulin (Ig) G4+ plasmacytic infiltration, however, is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the number of stromal IgG4+ plasma cells and the IgG4/IgG ratio of plasma cells in 294 primary non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) using tissue microarray (TMA) and conventional surgical specimens. In TMA, 35 (12%) cases of NSCLC revealed more than 20 IgG4+ plasma cells per high-power field. In surgical specimens, most (97%) of those IgG4+ plasma cell-enriched cases showed obliterative phlebitis or arteritis, one of the key morphologic features of IgG4-related disease, within or at the periphery of the tumor. Clinically, none of the patients showed symptoms associated with IgG4-related systemic diseases. In patients with stage I squamous cell carcinoma, IgG4-enriched stroma was significantly associated with a favorable prognosis (P = .04). In conclusion, considerable IgG4+ plasma cell infiltration can be seen in a minority of cases of NSCLC and might contribute to prognostic modulation of NSCLC.
Summary
The long‐term fate of aged liver allografts in young recipients who received grafts from older donors is unknown. We evaluated graft aging by analyzing hepatocytic telomere length and karyotypic changes. Seventeen pediatric individuals who underwent living‐donor liver transplantation for congenital biliary diseases were selected. At a median of 10.4 years post‐transplant, ten had tolerated grafts with weaned off immunosuppressants, and seven had idiopathic post‐transplantation hepatitis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to evaluate the telomere signal intensity (TI) and karyotypic changes. First, we measured predictive age‐dependent TI decline with regression analysis of donor livers. The mean TI at the earliest (within a year) and latest biopsies was significantly lower than the predicted TI of the studied allografts. With univariate analysis, a higher abnormal karyotype ratio in the donor liver was correlated with development of idiopathic post‐transplantation hepatitis. With multivariate analysis that included clinical parameters, a greater TI decline at the earliest biopsy was correlated with the development of idiopathic post‐transplantation hepatitis. In conclusion, graft aging as measured by TI decline and donor abnormal karyotype ratio was associated with idiopathic post‐transplantation hepatitis of long‐term transplanted liver allografts.
IFN-γ/CCR5 expression in iNKT cells and CCL5 expression in vessels of dermal papillae correlate with the development of psoriasiform hyperplasia and microabscess. We propose that these iNKT cells may become useful targets for development of novel therapeutic approaches to PV.
These findings suggest that allografts age more rapidly than in the normal population, and that grafts may reach the limit of proliferative capacity even in the state of tolerance.
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