Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] protein is a high quality source for food and feed. But, antinutritional factors in the raw mature soybean are exist. Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) protein is a main antinutritional factor in soybean seed. Also, P34 protein, referred as Gly m Bd 30K, has been identified as a predominant immunodominant allergen. Genetic relationship between KTI protein and P34 protein could be useful in soybean breeding program for the genetic elimination or reduction of these factors. The objective of this study was to determine the independent inheritance or linkage between KTI protein and P34 protein in soybean seed. A total of 479 F2 seeds were obtained from the cross of 07B1 and PI567476 parents. KTI protein and relative amount of P34 protein were analysed from F 2 seeds harvested from the F1 plants by using SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. The segregation ratios of 3 : 1 for KTI protein (353 KTI protein present : 126 KTI protein absent) and relative amount of P34 protein (363 normal amount of P34 protein : 116 low amount of P34 protein). The segregation ratio of 3 : 1 suggested that KTI protein and relative amount of P34 protein in mature soybean seed were controlled by a single major gene. The segregation ratios of 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 (266 KTI protein present, normal amount of P34 protein: 88 KTI protein present, low amount of P34 protein: 102 KTI protein absent, normal amount of P34 protein: 23 KTI protein absent, low amount of P34 protein) and Chi-square value (χ 2 =3.31, P=0.346) were observed in F2 seeds. This data showed that KTI protein was inherited independently with relative amount of P34 protein in soybean. These results will be helpful in breeding program for selecting the line with lacking KTI protein and reduced amount of P34 protein in soybean.
Native of soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) is an Asia and aphid is one of the dangerous pests in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. High density aphid populations can reduce crop production by causing severe damage. The objective of this study was evaluation of resistance to the soybean aphid in soybean cultivars and germplasms. A total of fifty five soybean cultivars or germplasms, including two susceptible and two resistant check varieties, were infested to evaluate their resistance in the field cage and greenhouse test by aphid colonies which derived from wild collected one soybean aphid biotype in Korea. The average number of reproduced soybean aphid was evaluated with 62.7 aphids in the resistant check variety PI 567598B and also estimated with 1,807 aphids for susceptible check variety Williams 82. In soybean varieties and germplasms, the average reproduced soybean aphid populations ranged from the lowest 497 aphids for Junjeori to the highest 3,862 aphids for Mansu. About seventy six percent of soybean cultivars and germplasms were shown high density soybean aphid populations when compared with another susceptible check variety PI 567543C in the field cage test. From the greenhouse test to evaluate aphid index, 87.3% of soybean cultivars or germplasms presented aphid index with 9.0. No soybean cultivars and germplasms were observed with soybean resistant phenotype when regarded a aphid resistant level as less than 10% aphid reproductions compared with susceptible check Williams 82. Although no Korean soybean cultivars were identified with resistant trait to the soybean aphid, we found one great resistant genetic resource PI 567598B in this study. This result will be helpful to further study for providing useful genetic information for soybean researchers.
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