Seventeen percent of Korean adults over the age of 45 years have mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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Treatment outcomes were substantially worse in the presence of initial drug resistance, which has important implications in resource-limited settings in which drug resistance is prevalent.

This is the first study reporting global data on AMR in leprosy. Rifampicin resistance emerged, stressing the need for expansion of surveillance. This is also a call for vigilance on the global use of antimicrobial agents, because ofloxacin resistance probably developed in relation to the general intake of antibiotics for other infections as it is not part of the multidrug combination used to treat leprosy.