Incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among diabetics

Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Spontaneously Diabetic Goto Kakizaki Rats

“…(Boucot et al 1952). More recent studies from New Guinea and Korea support this observation, stating that the risk of developing active pulmonary tuberculosis was three to 11 times higher in diabetics than in non-diabetics (Patel et al 1991;Kim et al 1995). From the results of their immunologic study, Koziel and Koziel (1995) noted some significant abnormalities in diabetic patients that may predispose them to chronic pulmonary infection.…”

Cross-sectional assessment reveals high diabetes prevalence among newly-diagnosed tuberculosis cases

“…2,3 Prior to the 1950s reports of an association between diabetes (primarily type 1) and TB were frequent in the literature, but they waned as insulin and drugs against TB became available. 4,5 This association (now with type 2 diabetes) was recognized again in the 1990s [6][7][8][9] and is currently supported by a growing body of literature. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] According to a recent meta-analysis, diabetes patients have three times the risk of contracting TB as non-diabetics (95% confidence interval, CI: 2.3-4.3) 18 and studies report the fraction of TB cases attributable to diabetes to be between 15% and 25%.…”

“…4,5 This association (now with type 2 diabetes) was recognized again in the 1990s [6][7][8][9] and is currently supported by a growing body of literature. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] According to a recent meta-analysis, diabetes patients have three times the risk of contracting TB as non-diabetics (95% confidence interval, CI: 2.3-4.3) 18 and studies report the fraction of TB cases attributable to diabetes to be between 15% and 25%. 9,13,16 The biological basis for the association between both diseases is not fully understood but studies suggest that diabetes depresses the immune response, which in turn facilitates infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or progression to symptomatic disease.…”

“…4,[19][20][21][22] Despite the suggested importance of diabetes as a risk factor for TB, most contemporary studies are based on secondary data or self-reported diabetes status. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] The contribution of diabetes to the burden of TB may be more conspicuous in countries where both diseases are highly prevalent: Bangladesh, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, and the Russian Federation are high-burden countries and rank among the 10 countries with the highest numbers of diabetes patients 2, 23 and also classified as high-burden for TB. However, the risk of TB attributable to diabetes has only been reported for India and it was estimated from secondary data.…”

VDR, RXR, Coronin-1 and Interferonγ Levels in PBMCs of Type-2 Diabetes Patients: Molecular Link between Diabetes and Tuberculosis

“…Major risk factors for TB include poverty, starvation, immunodeficiency diseases such as AIDS, smoking, DM and many others [3,4]. DM has also emerged as a common disease of the modern world so it is regarded as a potential risk factor for TB [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. It is believed that diabetic patients have compromised immunity, which makes them more susceptible to bacterial infections such as tuberculosis [12,13].…”