Gypsum and cow manure potential as ameliorant to increase crop production under salt stress or saline condition. This research aimed to learn the effect of gypsum and cow manure on the uptake of Na, K and the yield of soybean genotypes under saline condition. This research conducted in green house Jatikerto Experimental Farm Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, from June to September 2014. The research was arranged in a split plot design. The main plot was soybean genotypes consists of two saline susceptible varieties (G1 = Wilis and G2 = Tanggamus) and two saline tolerant genotypes (G3 = genotype IAC, 100/Bur//Malabar and G4 = genotype Argopuro//IAC, 100); sub plot was ameliorant application consists of A0 = without ameliorant; A1 = cow manure (20 t/ha); and A2 = gypsum (5 t/ha). The results of the research showed that Leaf Chlorophyll Index in susceptible varieties and tolerant genotypes were increased with ameliorant application. Accumulation of proline and K/Na ratio in susceptible varieties higher than tolerant genotypes. Ameliorant application on tolerant genotypes increased grain yield higher than susceptible varieties.
The research aimed to determine the tolerance limit of soybean genotypes toward salinity stress, plant growth and physiological characteristics. It was conducted in green house, from April to August 2013. The study involved two activities. The first activity for evaluating a salinity stress, consisted of four levels of soil salinity (EC): 0.9; 4; 7; 10 dS m -1 and eleven genotypes. The second one to obtain information about changes in physiological and morphological characteristics of soybean affected by salinity stress. The second activity consisted of two soil salinity levels (EC): 1.52 dS m -1 and 8.58 dS m -1. The results showed that at salinity 10 dS m -1 , all varieties/genotypes were not able to survive until the age of 43 days after sowing (DAS). At salinity 4 dS m -1 , total plant dry weight of most genotypes soybean decreased by 48.14%, while the salinity of 7 dS m -1 total plant dry weight of all soybean decreased by 64.89%. Concentration of K and Na in soybean leaves were higher than those in soybean root tissue. The content of K and Na in leaves and roots of most soybean genotypes increased as soil salinity increased from 1.52 to 8.58 dS m -1 , except for genotype G11.
<p>Salinity is a common problem of abiotic stress in the world. Salinity stress causes yield loss in cultivated crops, such as maize. The yield of maize exposed to salinity stress can be increased with the application of some beneficial microorganisms. Three isolates of halotolerant bacteria from saline fields can potentially be used as biostimulants (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria). A field experiment to study the effect of halotolerant bacteria isolates application on the growth and yield of maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) in saline soil was arranged in a randomized block design with a combination of isolate types and frequency applications, and it was repeated three times. In this study, four bacterial strains used were SN13 (<em>Streptomyces </em>sp.), SN22 (<em>Bacillus megaterium</em>), SN23 (<em>Bacillus</em> sp.) and SN26 (<em>Bacillus aryabhattai</em>) isolated from the soil of saline-prone regions of Lamongan, in coastal East Java, Indonesia. Results indicated that an application of halotolerant bacteria was able to improve the yield and nutrient uptake of maize in saline soil. However, the application of halotolerant bacteria significantly improved leaf total chlorophyll content (105.94%), plant dry weight (56.14%), Grain weight per cob (108.11%) and had a positive trend in increasing N uptake (61.19%), and Na uptake (73.09%) compared to control. It is concluded that the application of halotolerant bacteria is able to alleviate the salinity stress of maize in saline soil.</p>
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan pengaruh rhizobakteri pada pertumbuhan, klorofil dan kandungan allicin tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) dalam kondisi salin. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Kaca di Agrotechnopark Universitas Brawijaya, Desa Jatikerto, Malang-Indonesia yang dilaksanakan mulai bulan Februari hingga Juni 2018. Strain rhizobakteri yang digunakan terdiri dari isolat-isolat bakteri toleran salin berasal dari tanah salin di pesisir Lamongan, Jawa Timur, Indonesia dengan kode isolat SN13 (Streptomyces sp.), SN22 (Bacillus sp.) and SN23 (Corynebacterium sp.). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan petak terbagi (split plot), terdiri dari kondisi salin sebagai petak utama dan konsentrasi bakteri toleran salin sebagai anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman yang diinokulasi bakteri mempunyai bobot kering akar yang sangat nyata lebih tinggi (22.10 - 30%), jumlah klorofil (mencapai 26.03%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa inokulasi, tetapi memiliki allicin pada umbinya lebih rendah. Aplikasi bakteri toleran salin dapat memperbaiki pertumbuhan tanaman dalam kondisi salin. Kondisi salin menurunkan baik pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah, namun meningkatkan kandungan prolin. Peningkatan konsentrasi prolin pada daun merupakan respon fisiologis dari tanaman bawang merah pada kondisi salin.
Kata kunci: allisin, klorofil, prolin, salinitas, umbi
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