This study investigates the guaranteed recall likelihood of temporarily unemployed white-collar and blue-collar workers in the labour markets affected by Covid-19 in Indonesia’s western and eastern regions. The August 2020 microdata from Sakernas were used using logistic regression analysis. Descriptive analysis shows a balance of male and female workforce composition. However, the unemployment rate affected by Covid-19 is higher in western Indonesia than in eastern Indonesia. In the western part of Indonesia, the temporarily unemployed are more distributed in urban areas, while in the eastern part of Indonesia, they are more dispersed in rural areas. By gender, more men than women are temporarily unemployed due to Covid-19 in western and eastern Indonesia. Regression statistics show that layoffs and temporary layoffs impact white-collar and blue-collar workers differently. It can be seen that white-collar workers in western Indonesia have the highest return-to-work protection factor, while blue-collar workers in eastern Indonesia have the lowest. Urban areas provide blue-collar workers in eastern Indonesia with higher guaranteed chances of returning to work. Male white-collar workers in the Western Indonesia region are the most likely to return to work compared to other categories. The age variable is not significant for white-collar workers but is significant for blue-collar workers. The only significant education variable is the assurance that blue-collar workers in eastern Indonesia will return to work. An additional skill variant in the form of a course will provide a higher assurance of being recalled to work in the eastern region of Indonesia.
Kebahagiaan adalah tujuan utama manusia. Semua orang memiliki harapan yang ingin dicapai untuk memenuhi kepuasan dalam kehidupannya. Bhutan menjadi Negara pertama yang menggunakan Indeks kebahagiaan nasional dan bertekad untuk menjadi negara yang bahagia. Majelis Umum Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) mengeluarkan resolusi berjudul "Kebahagiaan: menuju pendekatan holistik untuk pembangunan yang menyatakan bahwa "mengejar kebahagiaan adalah tujuan dasar manusia", dan, "Mengakui bahwa indikator produk domestik bruto secara alami tidak dirancang untuk dan tidak cukup mencerminkan kebahagiaan dan kesejahteraan orang-orang di suatu Negara. Fokus untuk mengkaji Economics of Happiness, yang juga dikenal sebagai salah satu pendekatan subjektif terhadap kesejahteraan (Subjective Well-Being) sudah dimulai satu dekade terakhir. Studi pengukuran tingkat kebahagiaan berbagai negara menemukan kebahagiaan bervariasi tergantung kondisi sosial ekonomi saat itu. Di tingkat individu maupun negara, PDB masih menjadi variabel signifikan penentu kebahagiaan. Tapi tidak sedikit juga ditemukan kasus paradox kebahagiaan di negara maju maupun di perkotaan. Ditemukan bahwa kebahagiaan penduduk pedesaan lebih tinggi dari pada kebahagiaan penduduk perkotaan, namun minat penduduk desa untuk pindah ke kota tetap tinggi karena harapan akan kesempatan kerja dan upah yang lebih tinggi. Pada akhirnya ada titik di mana peningkatan pendapatan tidak mampu lagi meningkatkan kesejahteraan.
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