Two pimarane diterpenes, named scopararanes A (1) and B (2), and two cytochalasins, named scoparasins A (3) and B (4), along with 4,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4,5-dimethyl-3-methyleneisochroman-1-one (5) and diaportheins A (6) and B (7) were isolated from a culture broth of the endophytic fungus Eutypella scoparia PSU-D44. Their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Microsporum gypseum SH-MU-4 were examined.

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In the course of our ongoing search for antimicrobial substances from plants and endophytic fungi, the ethyl acetate extract from the culture broth of the endophytic fungus Botryosphaeria mamane PSU-M76 exhibited interesting antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (SA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus SK1 (MRSA) with MIC values of 32 and 64 mg/ml, respectively. The endophytic fungus B. mamane PSU-M76 was isolated from the leaves of Garcinia mangostana. Chemical investigation of B. mamane has never been reported. Investigation of the extract of the culture filtrate led to the isolation of one new dihydrobenzofuran derivative, botryomaman (1), along with six known compounds, 2,4-dimethoxy-6-pentylphenol (2), 1) (R)-(Ϫ)-mellein (3), 2) primin (4), 3,4) cis-4-hydroxymellein (5), 5) trans-4-hydroxymellein (6), 5) and 4,5-dihydroxy-2-hexenoic acid (7). 6) Their structures were assigned by spectroscopic methods and comparison of the 1 Hand 13 C-NMR data with those reported in literature. All compounds were tested for antibacterial activity against both strains. Botryomaman (1) was obtained as a white solid, melting at 149.6-150.0°C with [a] D 29 ϩ22.2°(cϭ0.2, MeOH). The UV spectrum showed a maximum absorption band at l max 300 nm. The IR spectrum exhibited absorption bands at 3392 cm Ϫ1 for a hydroxyl group and 1684 cm Ϫ1 for a carbonyl group of an a,b unsaturated carboxylic acid. The HR-EI-MS showed the molecular formula C 18 H 24 O 5. The 1 H-NMR spectrum displayed typical signals of two transolefinic protons of the a,b unsaturated carboxylic acid (d

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