Tuberculosis (TB) remains a real public health concern in Africa; thyroid localisation of the disease is a very rare form of extrapulmonary TB. We conducted a descriptive and cross-sectional study on all histologically proved cases of thyroid TB diagnosed in Togo over the last 20 years. Eleven cases of TB of the thyroid were identified, of which nine were in women, with an average age of 29.4 ± 0.2 years. The clinical signs were the presence of a nodule in seven, an abscess in three and a swelling with cutaneous fistulisation in one. Thyroid involvement alone was found in four, associated with pleuropulmonary TB in six and mammary TB in one. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection was present in six. All histopathology results showed inflammatory granulomata with caseous necrosis. The clinical features are often misleading and pose a real diagnostic problem, especially with differentials of simple abscess and cancer.
Objective: We conducted a retrospective study to determine the epidemiological profile and describe the diagnostic aspects of maxillofacial trauma. Methods: It was a retrospective descriptive study over 20 years (January 1995-December 2014 in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital in Lomé. All the hospitalized patients for facial trauma were included. Results: 501 cases of facial trauma were retained with an annual incidence of 25 cases. The average age was 33 years and the most represented age groups are those of 20 to 29 years (35.53%) and 30 to 39 years (30.14%); and the sex ratio was 9. Traffic roads accidents represented the main circumstance (89.81%) and the motorcycle was the most involved (80.34%). Patients were admitted in the first week (75.65%) with 35.93% on the first day. The maxillofacial CT-Scan was the most requested radiological examination (33.75%). Bone lesions were: mandible (31%), zygomatic (23.26%) and maxillary (18.99%). Dental lesions were found in 68 cases. Extra-facial lesions were found in 44 cases. The patients were treated in the first week (62.48%) and in the first day after admission (20.76%). Conclusions: Maxillofacial trauma is increasing, mainly in young adults due to road traffic accidents.
Ectopic thyroid should be considered as a possible diagnosis of a parapharyngeal mass. Although rare, Horner's syndrome is a dreaded complication of surgery of the parapharyngeal space.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">The objective of the study was to describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of cancer of the upper aero digestive tract (UAT) in a reference service in Togo</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">It was a retrospective study about UAT cancers diagnosed in the ENT and maxillofacial surgery department of Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lomé in Togo from 1st January 2005 to 31 December 2014, or a period of 10 years</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">The UAT cancers represented 0.3% of consultations and 64.8% of head and neck cancers. The average age of patients was 51.3 years (± 16.5) with extremes of 3 months and 86 years. The sex ratio was 1.77. Chronic smoking was found in 26.4% of patients with 1.6% of women; that of chronic alcoholism among 43.8% of which 7.7% of women and the simultaneous alcoolotabagisme in 20.9% of patients. The UAT cancers were dominated by cancers of the oral cavity (36.2%) with particularly a female predominance (53.2%), followed by the oropharynx (18.5%) and the larynx (18.1%). The squamous cell carcinoma was predominant in UAT cancers (83.5%) followed by non-Hodgkin lymphoma (8.9%) and adenocarcinoma (2.7%)</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">UAT cancers are the largest contingent of head and neck cancers in Togo. They occur most often in men from the fifties but there are a high proportion of women. Histology is dominated by squamous cell carcinoma</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
IntroductionNotre objectif a été d'établir le panorama des cancers primitifs oto-rhino-laryngologiques et cervico-maxillo-faciaux dans un service de référence au Togo.MéthodesIl s’est agi d’une étude rétrospective descriptive, portant sur les cancers diagnostiqués dans le service d’ORL et de chirurgie cervico-maxillo-faciale du CHU Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé. Elle a été réalisée sur une période de 10 ans (1er Janvier 2005 au 31 Décembre 2014).RésultatsLes cancers ORL et cervico-maxillo-faciaux représentaient 0,48% des consultations et 15,3% de l’ensemble des tumeurs ORL. L’âge moyen des patients était de 47 ans, avec des extrêmes de 3 mois et 86 ans. On notait une prédominance masculine; la sex-ratio était de 1,45. L’alcoolotabagisme prédominait dans le cancer du larynx. Les cancers des voies aérodigestives supérieures (VADS) ont représenté 64,8%, avec une prédominance des cancers de la cavité buccale (36,2% des VADS), suivi des cancers de l’oropharynx (18,5% des VADS) puis des cancers du larynx (18,1% des VADS). Les adénopathies cervicales malignes primitives représentaient 18%. Les lésions les plus rares étaient les cancers de l’oreille et du tissu osseux maxillo-mandibulaire (2,24% chacun). L’histologie était dominée par le carcinome épidermoïde (61,4%) suivi du lymphome non hodgkinien (23,2%).ConclusionLes cancers ORL et cervico-maxillo-faciaux sont fréquents au Togo et diagnostiqués à tout âge. Les cancers prédominants sont ceux de la cavité buccale, du pharynx et les adénopathies cervicales malignes primitives.
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