Merak Port of Java and Bakauheni Port of Sumatera are connected by ferry lines. However, the number of ferry ships and facilities of the two ports are not able to accommodate the number of vehicles that cross. Queues of vehicles often occur and waiting times at the port are very high and have an impact on the accumulation of vehicles on the road to the port. Anticipating these conditions, it is possible to open a short sea shipping (SSS) route from Ciwandan port to Panjang port as an alternative route for shifting some of the vehicles served by those ferry ships. This research aims to analyze the efficiency of opening the Ciwandan–Panjang SSS route in terms of benefits for stakeholders, cost efficiency for vehicle users, and the potential for CO2 reduction from exhaust gases. We use a descriptive quantitative method. The analytical techniques used include port cost analysis, benefit analysis (for the government and ship operators), comparative analysis of transportation costs, and analysis of the impact of reducing CO2 emissions, which are valued monetarily. The results of the analysis show that the operation of the Ciwandan–Panjang SSS can reduce the total cost of vehicles compared to the Merak–Bakuheni route. Owners of cargo vehicles are able to save on logistics costs of IDR 332 billion per year. Estimated state revenue through non-tax state revenues (NTSI) and value-added tax (VAT) is increased. Losses due to CO2 emissions are estimated to be reduced, with a value of up to IDR 511 billion per year.
As an archipelagic country, Indonesia needs ferry transportation to connect and support the economic activities between areas bounded by the sea. The famous crossing route is the Merak–Bakauheni one, which connects the Java and Sumatra economic corridors. Many ships operate on this route, but limited port facilities significantly affect the efficiencies of the services provided, hence, they have to be moved. Therefore, this research analyzed the suitability of ships to operate on the eastern crossing. The analysis method used the financial aspect (revenue) feasibility, the suitability of the port infrastructure, and the oceanographic conditions. The financial analysis used the ships’ operating cost method to determine the crossing passage rates based on their specifications. It simulated the ships with various load factors to identify potential gains or losses. Furthermore, the infrastructure suitability analysis used the under keel clearance and comparative methods to compare the suitability of the ship dimensions and tonnage with the port infrastructure capacity. The oceanographic analysis used the Weibull method to simulate the redefinition of the distribution of significant wave heights, which was compared with the ratio of the ship dimensions and wave slope to determine its heel angle using the IMO Weather Criterion method (IS Code 2008). The results showed that the relocation of ships from the Merak–Bakauheni route directly to Eastern Indonesia through the existing crossing routes is feasible from the aspect of shipping safety, but it is not feasible financially or in terms of infrastructure. The Benoa–Labuan Bajo route is a potential new route recommendation, with regulatory support for the operation of ships in the form of tariffs and operational costs, and it permits the use of subsidized fuel. On the other hand, ship owners must consider modifying the ramp door to suit the port wharf structure.
Kualitas pelayanan dan kecepatan bongkar muat merupakan salah satu faktor penentu produktivitas dermaga. Fasilitas yang erat kaitannya dengan hal ini adalah terminal yang merupakan unsur utama dan merupakan fasilitas tempat sandar kapal dalam melakukan kegiatan bongkar muat. Ketersediaan fasilitas pelabuhan dirancang sesuai dengan kapasitas kemampuan pelayanan sandar dan tambat di pelabuhan termasuk penggunaan jenis peralatan yang akan digunakan di pelabuhan. pengoperasian Terminal Petikemas Makassar, produktivitas dermaga masih dalam kategori rendah sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian terkait dengan kualitas pelayanan kapal dan kecepatan bongkar muat di Terminal Petikemas Makassar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di pelabuhan Terminal Petikemas Makassar dengan cara menentukan terlebih dahulu keyperson yang menjadi responden dan terdiri dari responden internal yaitu Syahbandar Pelabuhan Makassar, Otoritas Pelabuhan Makassar dan freight Forwarding (eksportir/ importir) yang bergerak pada bidang jasa trasportasi laut dan instansi terkait lainnya dan pekerja TKBM.Teknik pengolahan dan analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan alat bantu analisis Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) dengan metode alternatif berbasis variance atau Component Based SEM yang disebut Partial Least Square (PLS) menggunakan software Smart PLS versi 2.0. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan evaluasi pada Terminal Petikemas Pelabuhan Makassar diperoleh kesimpulan pengaruh kualitas pelayanan kapal (X1) terhadap produktivitas dermaga (Y) diperoleh koefisien pengaruh sebesar 0,188 dengan t-hitung (7,383) lebih besar dari t-tabel (1,96), kualitas pelayanan kapal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas dermaga dan pengaruh kecepatan bongkar muat kapal (X2) terhadap produktivitas dermaga (Y) diperoleh koefisien pengaruh sebesar 0,482 dengan t-hitung (17,595) lebih besar dari t-tabel (1,96) maka kecepatan bongkar muat kapal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas dermaga.
AbstrakPelabuhan Kuala Tanjung berpotensi menjadi hub logistik untuk kawasan Asia Pasifik. Dari posisi geografis, letaknya sangat strategis karena berhadapan langsung dengan Selat Malaka dan berpotensi sebagai pelabuhan penunjang bagi Pelabuhan Belawan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyusuan rekomendasi pengembangan Pelabuhan Kuala Tanjung sebagai pelabuhan hub internasional ditinjau dari aspek jaringan pelayanan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kombinasi antara penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif, regresi berganda dan SWOT. Besarnya demand dan posisi yang strategis di alur pelayaran internasional serta didukung oleh kedalaman kolam pelabuhan 16-17 mLWS mampu disandari kapal-kapal dengan kapasitas 50.000 DWT. Pelabuhan Kuala Tanjung dititikberatkan untuk dapat menarik demand dari rute-rute strategis yang dilalui oleh shipping line utama di Selat Malaka, seperti MAERSK, CMA, EVERGREEN, dan lain-lain. Menjadikan Pelabuhan Kuala Tanjung sebagai satu-satunya pelabuhan di Indonesia Bagian Barat untuk melakukan Ekspor Impor berdasarkan Port Centrality Index. Pembangunan konektivitas jaringan transportasi global antar pulau secara terintegrasi dengan mengembangkan jalur pelayaran dan operasional short sea shipping secara terjadwal serta revitalisasi pelabuhan pengumpul dan utama guna menjamin muatan di Kuala Tanjung.Kata kunci: Kuala Tanjung, Hub Internasional, Jaringan Pelayanan. AbstractKuala Tanjung Port as an International Hub Port Review from The Service Network Aspect: Kuala Tanjung Port has the potential to become a logistics hub for the Asia Pacific region. From the geographical position, the location is very strategic because it deals directly with the Malacca Strait and has potential as a supporting port for Belawan Harbor. The purpose of this research is to develop recommendation of Kuala Tanjung Port development as international hub port in terms of network service aspect. The research approach used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. The analytical method used is descriptive, multiple regression and SWOT. The magnitude of demand and strategic position in the international shipping lanes and supported by the depth of harbor pool 16-17 mLWS capable of in transit ships with a capacity of 50,000 DWT. Kuala Tanjung Port is focused on being able to attract demand from strategic routes through major shipping line in the Malacca Strait, such as MAERSK, CMA, EVERGREEN, and others. Making Port of Kuala Tanjung as the only port in Western Indonesia to conduct Import Export by Port Centrality Index. Development of integrated inter-island transport network connectivity by developing shipping lanes and scheduled short sea shipping operations as well as revitalization of main and collecting ports to ensure cargo at Kuala Tanjung.Keywords: Kuala Tanjung, International Hub, Service Network.
Toba Lake is a major tourist destination in Indonesia, and traditional boats are a popular mode of transportation for residents and tourists alike. However, these traditional ships have been involved in multiple accidents with significant casualties. This study aims to evaluate the stability of the ship according to the conditions of the local water area. The results showed that traditional boats that have been modified to have double decks (to allow for higher customer capacity) have poor stability, especially in bad weather conditions. To maintain sailing safety, it is recommended to recondition the ship into a single deck, avoiding overloads and bad weather. Keywords: Ship Stability, Toba Lake, Evaluation
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