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Objective:to identify, analyze and synthesize the father’s experience in care for a hospitalized child from results of primary qualitative studies. Method:this is a qualitative meta-synthesis through which 12 articles were analyzed, selected in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Public Medline, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science, published between 1995 and 2015. The methodological steps proposed by Sandelowski and Barroso were used to systematize the review, as well as concepts from the anthropology of masculinities to analyze and discuss the synthesis. Results:the synthesis was presented by means of two themes: 1) paternal dilemmas - what man feels and faces during the hospitalization of the child, highlighting the emotional involvement and change in the family and work relationship, and 2) paternal identities - masculinities readjusted in view of the child’s illness, which reveals identity marks and repressed fatherhood in the hospital environment. Both themes illustrate the challenges and readjustment of parental identity. Final considerations:to get to know the experiences of the father during the hospitalization of the child and the way in which the challenges for the readjustment of roles related to masculinity could broaden the range of nursing and other health professionals, alerting to the importance of including the father as a protagonist or coadjuvant in the care for hospitalized children.

despite the different forms of support for transplantees, weaknesses were observed in these networks and social supports.

The purpose of this article was to present discussions on how pediatric nurses can perform spiritual care to children and adolescents and discuss the challenges of integrating such care in health-care settings. Based on the literature, the article presents an overview of spiritual care in pediatric settings highlighting the assessment of spirituality, expected outcomes, and the corresponding nursing interventions. Spiritual care provided to children and adolescents should take into account all aspects of the developmental stage, life experiences, and familiar and sociocultural contexts. Different approaches can be used to perform spiritual care. However, lack of knowledge and time are highlighted as the main challenges in integrating spiritual care into the clinical practice. Spiritual care is crucial to the well-being of children and adolescents in times of illness and hospitalization when the goal is to provide holistic care.

Approval: 03-18-2017 ABSTRACT Objective: To synthesize and interpret fi ndings and conclusions of qualitative research addressing the experience of the father in the care of the child with cancer. Method: Meta-synthesis of 16 qualitative studies from six databases, analyzed through taxonomic analysis. Results: Child and adolescent cancer have several repercussions on the daily life of the father, especially related to the stigma around the disease, the fear of the unknown and the social and family role. Faced with the illness and the need to care for the child, the father seeks to recover normality in the family and transitions between hegemonic masculine behaviors and practices culturally recognized as female. Final Considerations: The complex experience of the father, infl uenced by masculinities, was evidenced. The limitations regard the restricted understanding of the contextual specifi cities of the experiences, due to the limited characteristics of the parents and children described in the studies. The knowledge produced is useful to promote involvement of fathers in the care of the child, as well as to strengthen and assist him in this task. Descriptors: Fathers; Pediatric Nursing; Qualitative Research; Cancer; Family Nursing. RESUMO Objetivo: Sintetizar e interpretar resultados e conclusões de pesquisas qualitativas sobre a experiência do pai no cuidado do fi lho com câncer. Método: Metassíntese de 16 estudos qualitativos capturados em seis bases de dados e analisados por meio da análise taxonômica. Resultados: O câncer infantojuvenil impõe inúmeras repercussões ao cotidiano do pai, sobretudo relacionadas ao estigma da doença, ao medo do desconhecido e ao papel social e familiar. Diante da doença e da necessidade de cuidado do fi lho, o pai busca resgatar a normalidade na família e transita entre comportamentos hegemonicamente masculinizantes e práticas reconhecidas culturalmente como femininas. Considerações fi nais: Evidenciou-se a complexa experiência paterna infl uenciada pelas masculinidades. As limitações referem-se à restrita compreensão das especifi cidades contextuais das experiências, pelas escassas características dos pais e fi lhos descritas nos estudos. O conhecimento produzido revela-se útil para promover o engajamento paterno no cuidado do fi lho, bem como fortalecê-lo e auxiliá-lo nesta tarefa. Descritores: Pai; Enfermagem Pediátrica; Pesquisa Qualitativa; Neoplasia; Enfermagem Familiar. RESUMENObjetivo: Sintetizar e interpretar resultados y conclusiones de investigaciones cualitativas sobre la experiencia del padre en el cuidado del hijo con cáncer. Método: Metasíntesis de 16 estudios cualitativos recogidos en seis bases de datos y examinados mediante análisis taxonómica. Resultados: El cáncer infantojuvenil repercute considerablemente en la vida cotidiana del padre, sobre todo con relación al estigma de la enfermedad, al miedo a lo desconocido y al papel social y familiar. Ante la enfermedad y la necesidad de Care provided by the father to the child with cancer under the infl uence of m...

Experiência do cuidador no tratamento preventivo da criança exposta ao Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana Experiencia del cuidador en el tratamiento preventivo de niños expuestos al Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana

Aim To synthesize qualitative studies on the experience of hope in families of children and adolescents living with chronic illness. Background Hope is multidimensional, dynamic, and varies according to experienced events, cultural environments and stage of life. The qualitative synthesis of the experience of hope in the paediatric population with chronic conditions is scarce. Design Thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Data sources A systematic literature search in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed supplemented by manual search strategies. Thirty‐one studies from fifteen countries, published between 1981‐2018, were included. Findings Findings were integrated into an analytical theme “FAMILY HOPE: KEEPING THE DAY‐TO‐DAY BALANCE”, encompassing the following five descriptive themes: Uncertainty; Support; Information; Between “dark thoughts” and positive thoughts; and Hoping to go back to normality. Conclusion This thematic synthesis brings a new dimension of hope among families of children and adolescents living with chronic illness. “Family Hope” highlights the influence of the relationships between relatives and the chronically ill child in the balance of hope. It is recommended that health professionals use a family‐focused approach to support these families. Impact Shifting the focus to a family dimension of hope is a promising pursuit that has the potential to inform future nursing practices to support the experiences of families living with chronic illness in the paediatric context. A better understanding of the role and characteristics of family hope will promote the development of more effective interventions for families to adapt to long‐term paediatric conditions.

Talking to children and adolescents with cancer about spirituality is a challenge. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a conversation model for a spiritual approach with children and adolescents with cancer. It was a methodological study with a systematic approach in three stages: (a) review of the literature for the selection of photographs and guiding questions, (b) using an expert committee to evaluate photographs and preselected questions, and (c) cognitive interview with children and adolescents to test the methodology. The expert committee evaluated and selected 20 photos and their respective guiding questions. Fifteen children and adolescents hospitalized with cancer tested the spirituality conversation model and expressed feelings, values, beliefs, fears, and the meaning they give to life and illness. The implementation of the conversation model can contribute both to the clinical practice, facilitating care for the spiritual dimension of pediatric patients, and to qualitative research on spirituality involving children.