O tratamento adequado de resíduos agroindustriais é obrigatório, independentemente do perfil e do porte da atividade. Contudo, a seleção de um sistema de tratamento considerando aspectos econômicos, ambientais e sociais não é uma decisão simples. Dessa forma, neste estudo, propõe-se um método para a tomada de decisão no processo de escolha de sistema de tratamento de efluentes agroindustriais. O método proposto baseia-se na pontuação ponderada de indicadores de sustentabilidade para direcionar a tomada de decisão, levando-se em consideração as especificidades do empreendimento. A fim de exemplificar a utilização do método, utilizou-se um estudo de caso para um laticínio de pequeno porte. Os resultados indicaram que o método apresenta-se como uma alternativa viável para a seleção de sistemas de tratamento de efluentes agroindustriais de micro e pequeno porte. No estudo de caso proposto, o sistema de tratamento mais adequado foi o constituído de tratamento preliminar, seguido de reator anaeróbio (UASB). A principal vantagem do método é a capacidade de ajuste dos indicadores e de seus respectivos pesos, em função das especificidades de cada projeto. Entretanto, essa subjetividade associada à escolha dos indicadores e à atribuição dos pesos pode resultar em tomadas de decisão inadequadas, caso estes aspectos não sejam avaliados adequadamente.
sUMMAryThe aim of this study was to evaluate ruminant and monogastric animal manure co-digested with 10 % of manipueira through process monitoring parameters and biogas production. In this study, eight semi-continuous digesters, with a capacity of 7.8 liters of substrate in fermentation, operated with 30 days of hydraulic retention time, were used. Monitoring analyses were performed in order to assess: pH, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration, partial alkalinity (PA), content and biogas yield (m . The highest biogas yield was obtained for anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure with 10 % (volume/ volume) of manipueira.Produção de biogás por dejetos de ruminantes e monogástricos co-digeridos com manipueira inforMAtion Cronología del artículo.Recibido
This study aimed to assess the anaerobic digestion response of laying hen manure with different inclusion levels of biochar in batch reactors as measured by physicochemical parameters, biogas production and digestate quality. Four levels of biochar inclusions (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%) were tested with 3 replicates each. Twelve two-liter anaerobic batch reactors were used for 86 days at 35˚C. Substrate and digestate of each treatment were assessed for monitored parameters, biogas production and digestate quality. Increased levels (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%) of biochar were found to gradually reduce total ammonia nitrogen (1794.33, 140.84, 950.81 and 509.32 mg.L-1 , respectively). Despite the positive effect of biochar to accelerate initial biogas production, its use at any inclusion rate did not contribute significantly to biogas production in terms of biogas yield or digestate quality as compared to control treatment.
Alkali and acid chemical pre-treatment for lignocellulosic biomass can affect the amount of energy harvested from it during the anaerobic digestion process. This study aimed to assess the biogas production of dairy cattle manure subjected to acid and alkaline pre-treatment. This assay was performed in two phases, which consisted of 10 days of pre-treatment and 120 days of anaerobic digestion. The substrates for pre-treatment and anaerobic digestion phase were calculated to attain 5% of total solids (TS). Pre-treatment phase was conducted during 10 days and the following experimental treatments were used: Control (Water); 2.5% of hydrochloric acid (HCl-2.5%), 2.5% of dolomite limestone (DI-2.5%), 5.0% of hydrochloric acid (HCl-5.0%) and 5.0% of dolomite limestone (DI-5.0%). After this phase, pH of all substrates had their values corrected to the start of the anaerobic digestion phase. Higher volatile solids reduction was attained by treatment Dl-5.0% whose biogas production and biogas yield per kg of waste was significantly higher compared to control treatment. Cattle manure pre-treated with 5.0% of dolomite limestone for 10 days incremented the biogas yield per kg of waste.
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