Eleven incidents of bullae and vesicles on the snouts and less frequently the feet of white-skinned pigs on seven farms are described. Bullous and vesicular lesions up to 5 cm in diameter and containing clotted gelatinous fluid were located on the dorsal aspect of the snout, behind the flange. Lesions ruptured, became ulcerated, developed scabs and healed within three weeks. There was no transmission to other pigs or ruminants. The condition was associated with contact with green vegetable material containing parsnips (Pastinaca sativa) or celery (Apium graveolens), followed by exposure to periods of extended sunshine. Parsnips and celery are known to contain furocoumarins, potent phototoxic compounds. It is suggested that absorption of furocoumarins on the skin of the snout and feet after contact with parsnips and celery and exposure to ultraviolet light caused the lesions in the cases reported. It is postulated that a similar condition may have been responsible for national foot and mouth disease scares in pigs at Warkworth and Temuka in New Zealand and at Legana in Tasmania.
The majority of the officers of the Press and of the university were theologians, and although they were often widely read and actively involved in the research and teaching of other subjects, divinity remained a primary interest of the Delegates and theological works featured prominently in the publications of the Learned Press. These works included collections of sermons, systematic theology, polemic theology, some devotional material, polyglot and variorum texts and a few editions of the church fathers. Many of these works proved difficult to sell, and some were complicated by difficulties of production due to the unusual types required for printing and specialized readers needed for proofing. Throughout, the Press maintained a conservative Anglican outlook, upholding both theological and ecclesiastical orthodoxy in the midst of religious conflict.
Abstract. Pneumoconiosis characterised by focal accumulations of dust-laden macrophages in the bronchial walls of lungs was found in 16 captive kiwis. The dust was shown to contain a large proportion of silica, some iron and probable plant material. The condition appears to be associated with dry, dusty aviaries. It was not seen in free-living kiwis.The characteristic food-seeking habits of the kiwi and the unique anatomical location of the external nares at the distal extremity of the beak probably predispose this bird to the disease.
Crisis: Causes and Solutions FOR THE SECOND TIME this decade, the thrift industry is in crisis. Once again thrift industry performance is deteriorating, failures are widespread, the regulators are besieged, and Congress has passed major banking legislation following protracted debate. Indeed, the current difficulties will be harder and more costly to resolve than those of the early 1980s. The implications-for competition in financial services, availability of funds for housing, and federal budget expenditures-are profound. We begin our paper with a review of the thrifts' difficulties, from signs of trouble in the 1970s to the contemporary attempts to shore up the deposit insurance fund. In doing so, we show how regulatory forbearance during the early 1980s turned an initial crisis, caused by the thrift industry's undiversified portfolio of fixed-rate, long-term mortgages, into a near-disaster, in which hundreds of insolvent thrifts continue to operate. We assess the policy response to the current crisis and make recommendations of our own. Finally, we show how the recently deregulated thrift industry has been diversifying and moving away from its traditional role. We also discuss the outlook for the thrift industry in the context of regulatory reform, innovation, and competition. We would like to thank the members of the Brookings Panel and James Barth for helpful comments on an earlier draft.
Malignant catarrhal fever was transmitted from affected to recipient red deer (Cervus elaphus) using blood or lymphoid suspension as inoculum. Incubation periods ranged from 11 to 26 days. The disease was also transmitted using lymphoid suspension stored overnight at 4 degrees C or at -70 degrees C for 8 months. The experimental disease was characterised by fever, depression, anorexia, diarrhoea and dysentry. The course of the disease was approximately 96 hours. Major lesions consisted of acute mesenteric lymphadenitis and acute haemorrhagic typhlitis and colitis. Lesions in the caecum and colon started as multifocal mucosal haemorrhages and progressed rapidly to massive mucosal haemorrhage.
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