seventh segment is small and generally unsymmetrical; it has a chitinised .sternite, generally lying at the ventral base of the hypopygium, but sometimes in front of it. The eighth segment is always of a curious shape, peculiar to the family; it is scale-like, of various circumference but often roundish; it is not divided into tergite and sternite, and it lies always on the left side of the hypopygium; its anterior opening lies at the anterior end, and its posterior opening on the inside, and the two openings are on the inside only separated by a rather narrow bridge. The ninth segment or the hypopygium seems to be of the same principal structure throughout the family, but may otherwise vary considerably in shape; it is smaller or larger, generally somewhat oval, and more or less elongated, or short and roundish; it is often more or less compressed. The cavity of the eighth segment Length 3,5 -6 mm; the male is longer than the female.
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