Diptera danica : genera and species of flies hitherto found in Denmark

Seasonal polyphenism in Eristalis pertinax (Diptera: Syrphidae)

“…However, genetic analyses based on markers in nuclear and mitochondrial genomes unequivocally revealed that the spring and summer morphs belong to a single population and should not be regarded as separate taxa. This confi rms the designation of E. fl avitarsis as a junior synonym of E. pertinax by Lundbeck (1916). Usually, a value of 1% or 2% divergence in the mtDNA barcode is regarded as the threshold for separating intraspecifi c and interspecifi c differences (Steinke et al, 2009;Pereira et al, 2013).…”

A revision of the Nearctic species of Liancalus Loew (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)

“…67.8: Dolichopus regius Fabricius. Bigot 1859: 230; Loew 1861: 69–70; Loew 1864: 198–200; Osten Sacken 1877: 318; Gobert 1887: 33; Bigot 1890: 277; Aldrich 1893: 569; Becker et al 1903: 343–344; Aldrich 1904: 271; Aldrich 1905: 298; Coquillett 1910: 561; Lundbeck 1912: 22, 352–356; Wahlgren 1912: 5, 48; Frey 1915: 74; Van Duzee 1917: 126; Becker 1917–1918: 160, 193; Becker 1922a: 117–119; Becker 1922b: 41; Curran 1926: 406–407; Parent 1932: 121–122; Curran 1934: 217; Parent 1938: 19, 268, 306; Parent 1939: 276; Harmston and Knowlton 1945: 55–56; Robinson 1964: 118, 182; Dyte 1967: 123; Cole 1969: 272, 282; Robinson 1970a: 59, 62; Robinson 1970b: 57; Dyte 1975: 241–242; D’Assis Fonseca 1978: 41; Negrobov 1978: 416–417; Negrobov 1979: 928; Robinson and Vockeroth 1981: 633, 635, 637; Hurley 1985: 3; Negrobov et al 1987: 157–158; Negrobov 1991: 41; Wei and Liu 1995: 35; Yang 1998: 153; Masunaga 2001: 109, 117–118; Pollet et al 2004: 52; Yang et al 2006: 19, 246; Bickel 2009: 683; Evenhuis and Bickel 2011: 4–5; O’Hara et al 2011: 30; Yang et al 2011: 363; Kahanpää 2014: 203.…”

Vessel Occlusion, Penumbra, and Reperfusion – Translating Theory to Practice

“…Indeed, the objective reproducibility of “mismatch,” in contrast to visual scoring of collaterals, is a major advantage. The neutral DIAS 3 results with suggestion of benefit in the “per protocol” population (7) indicate that even accurately determining if there is a vessel occlusion poses challenges in a multicenter trial. Presumably, attempts to score collaterals, a much more subjective process, will require significant site education and training if such approaches are to be successful.…”

“…However, whether it is sufficient to demonstrate an occluded artery as the target or to also require evidence of salvageable downstream tissue has been debated. The recent announcement of neutral results in DIAS 3 (7), a trial that compared desmoteplase versus placebo 3–9 h after stroke onset in patients with vessel occlusion, without reference to downstream tissue status other than what was visible on non-contrast CT, will no doubt further stimulate this discussion. It is, therefore, salient to consider the current methods to identify salvageable ischemic penumbra and the potential value of commonly used surrogates for clinical outcome, chiefly reperfusion, recanalization, and infarct growth.…”