Global climate change is leading to changes in rainfall and temperature parameters. With the lack of water, the coffee plant presents growth and development restrictions. The air temperature also affects the coffee plant. The genetic improvement of coffee can help overcome these difficulties with new cultivars more adapted to the effects of climate change. So, the objective of the present study was to characterize the relative water content (RWC) of Coffea arabica plants of the cultivar Bourbon Vermelho and the variety Semperflorens, respectively sensitive and tolerant to water deficit under field conditions, cultivated in an experimental area in southeastern Brazil. The RWC was evaluated from September to February for three consecutive years in leaves taken from two branches belonging to the apical and basal portions of four plants, positioned facing the cardinal points West and East. The Bourbon Vermelho cultivar and the Semperflorens variety under water deficit had similar RWC responses, around 60%, for both the branches belonging to the apical and basal portions of the plants. It was also demonstrated that RWC was not different between the branches positioned in relation to the East and West cardinal points in both the apical and basal portions for plants of the Bourbon Vermelho cultivar and the Semperflorens variety.
The objective of this work was to characterize the effect of the osmotic potential of the culture medium on the control of direct somatic embryogenesis in coffee (Coffea arabica) tree. Leaf explants of the Mundo Novo cultivar and four hybrids were subjected to the direct route in the presence of polyethylene glycol 6000, at the following concentrations: 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, and 15.0%. Embryogenic structures and somatic embryos were formed at a threshold osmotic potential of up to -0.691 and -0.374 MPa, respectively, with a reduction or inhibition in these responses under a more negative osmotic potential.
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