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SUMMARY

It is for the first time that quantum simulation for High Energy Physics (HEP) is studied in the U.S. decadal particle-physics community planning, and in fact until recently, this was not considered a mainstream topic in the community. This fact speaks of a remarkable rate of growth of this subfield over the past few years, stimulated by the impressive advancements in Quantum Information Sciences (QIS) and associated technologies over the past decade, and the significant investment in this area by the government and private sectors in the U.S. and other countries. High-energy physicists have quickly identified problems of importance to our understanding of nature at the most fundamental level, from tiniest distances to cosmological extents, that are intractable with classical computers but may benefit from quantum advantage. They have initiated, and continue to carry out, a vigorous program in theory, algorithm, and hardware co-design for simulations of relevance to the HEP mission. This community whitepaper is an attempt to bring this exciting and yet challenging area of research to the spotlight, and to elaborate on what the promises, requirements, challenges, and potential solutions are over the next decade and beyond.

SUMMARY The Nurmi concept for diminishing salmonella infection of poultry by application of gastrointestinal microflora from adult birds into newly hatched chicks was tested in a field study in which 8 million broilers were involved. Half of the 284 flocks was treated in the hatchery by spray application of an undefined microflora propagated in SPF chicks. A significant reduction in salmonella-contaminated flocks, as well as in the number of infected broilers in these flocks was demonstrated. No undesirable side effects were detected. It was concluded that hygienic improvements in transportation and slaughtering of broilers are needed in order to maintain the reduced salmonella contamination rate.

SUMMARYThis report describes in vitro and in vivo studies with flumequine, a new antibacterial drug for poultry. In the Netherlands, all 223 Gram-negative bacteria tested (E. coli, salmonella and P. multocida), among them many multiresistant strains, were susceptible in vitro to the bactericidal activity of this drug. The in vitro induced bacterial resistance was of a multistep type. No crossresistance with tetracycline, chloramphenicol, neomycin, ampicillin, sulphonamides, trimethoprim or furazolidone was found.An elimination half time of 1 hour and a rapid absorption from the gastrointestinal tract (peak plasma concentration of 2.6-3.0 fxgjm\, IV2 hours after a single oral application of the daily dose: 12 mg/kg body weight) were observed in broilers and White Leghorn layers. During medication via the drinking water or feed with 1 x, 1½ x and 2 x the recommended therapeutic dose, blood plasma concentrations of 0.5 to 0.8, 0.8 to 1.3 and 1.2 to 1.9 Mg/ml were demonstrated respectively.No adverse effect on growth rate and performance of broilers was observed. Treatment with these doses resulted in significant therapeutic effects in in vivo experiments with E. coli-infected broilers.