Quantum Simulation for High Energy Physics

Abstract

It is for the first time that quantum simulation for High Energy Physics (HEP) is studied in the U.S. decadal particle-physics community planning, and in fact until recently, this was not considered a mainstream topic in the community. This fact speaks of a remarkable rate of growth of this subfield over the past few years, stimulated by the impressive advancements in Quantum Information Sciences (QIS) and associated technologies over the past decade, and the significant investment in this area by the government and private sectors in the U.S. and other countries. High-energy physicists have quickly identified problems of importance to our understanding of nature at the most fundamental level, from tiniest distances to cosmological extents, that are intractable with classical computers but may benefit from quantum advantage. They have initiated, and continue to carry out, a vigorous program in theory, algorithm, and hardware co-design for simulations of relevance to the HEP mission. This community whitepaper is an attempt to bring this exciting and yet challenging area of research to the spotlight, and to elaborate on what the promises, requirements, challenges, and potential solutions are over the next decade and beyond.

A lattice QCD perspective on weak decays of b and c quarks Snowmass 2022 White Paper

“…In addition machine learning techniques may offer new possibilities for LFT [16]. Complementary to LFT calculations would be to directly perform quantum simulations [17]. That however requires to have quantum computers with (very) many qubits and long enough coherence time.…”

Medium induced jet broadening in a quantum computer

“…At high energies, where p + p ⊥ > p − , the probe is highly localized around x − = 0 and one can simplify the field's spacetime dependence to be A µ (x) ≈ A µ (x + , x). Additionally, the structure describing local parton-medium interactions, Ψ(p − q)γ µ A a µ (q)T a Ψ(p), with q the exchanged momentum with the medium, only receives contributions from the µ = + component [66,[68][69][70], up to power suppressed terms in the jet 1 Though in this work we are interested in the evolution of jets in the quark-gluon plasma, the same formulation also applies to jet evolution in cold nuclear matter. 2 We write the Hamiltonian in the operator form, and its full expression, in terms of field operators, can be found in Ref.…”

“…In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in applying novel developments in quantum information science to other scientific areas, in particular high energy physics (HEP), where many directions have been explored [1].…”

Real-time non-perturbative dynamics of jet production: quantum entanglement and vacuum modification

“…Coupling the Schwinger model to an external Yukawa theory has also been used to mimic the propagation of jets through a thermal environment [11]. Various other aspects of the Schwinger model have also been addressed using quantum simulations, see [12][13][14][15][16][17] for examples and [18] for a recent review of quantum simulations.…”