HighlightsPCV7 serotype replacement was near complete 5 years after PCV7 introduction.The carriage rate remained stable through out the 5 year period.Serotypes unique to PCV13 significantly decreased by the final winter.Clonal expansion of existing genotypes was primarily responsible for replacement.Continued surveillance is needed to monitor replacement until equilibrium is reached.

Background Studies suggest excessive screen time (use of smartphones, televisions, computers and/or video games) is linked to speech and language delay. This study explored the sociodemographic characteristics of children with speech delay in Kuantan, Malaysia, and the association of screen time with speech and other developmental delays. Methods This cross‐sectional study was conducted between July and November 2019 at the child psychiatry and speech therapy clinics, at Kuantan Hospital, Pahang, Malaysia. Parents of children with speech delay aged <72 months provided information on their children's and their own screen times. Speech and other developmental skills were assessed using the Schedule of Growing Skills II with scores reported as developmental quotient (DQ) level. Results The study included 91 children (67 boys, 24 girls) of whom 54.9% had primary speech delay and 45.1% had neurodevelopmental disorders; their mean age was 39.9 ± 11.52 months. The children's mean screen time was 2.26 ± 1.98 h daily, with 36.3% exceeding 2 h. Higher children's screen time was moderately correlated with higher parental screen time (rs = 0.479, P < 0.01). Household income was positively correlated with screen times of the children and the parents (rs = 0.243, P = 0.02 and rs = 0.390, p < 0.01, respectively). Parents who intended to reduce their children's screen time reported higher screen time in their children (t(89) = 2.322, P = 0.023). Children's age was positively correlated with the number of types of screen media (rs = 0.225, P = 0.032). The mean speech DQ was 54.76 ± 24.06%. Lower speech DQ was associated with lower DQs in other skills (P < 0.01). No significant correlation was shown between children's and parents' screen time with DQs of speech and other skills (P > 0.05). Conclusion The correlation between parent and child screen time provides an opportunity for possible intervention, where necessary. Larger studies are required to examine this correlation further.

This research deals with a scheduling problem for parallel machines environment to minimize total weighted tardiness with the consideration of sequence dependent setup times and release dates. There are two research questions that need to be addressed: 1) How to allocate jobs on machines ?  2) How to sequence jobs on each machine? Therefore, this research aims to find an efficient solution method that answers the research questions with the goal of minimizing the total weighted tardiness with the presence of sequence dependent setup times. Due to the complexity of the problem at hand, the authors have developed genetic algorithm to find a solution to this problem. Furthermore, various dispatching rules were used to enhance the performance of the genetic algorithm in terms of the total weighted tardiness value.