Mining activities can affect the availability of groundwater both in quantity and quality. Example of mining activities that can cause pollution are overburden stockpiling, construction of haul road facilities and infrastructure, coal processing and stockpiling activities, workshops, and domestic waste disposal. One effort to maintain groundwater is to analyze the groundwater vulnerability. This research was conducted to analyze the vulnerability of groundwater to pollution of PT. X in Balangan, South Kalimantan. The method used to assess groundwater vulnerability in this study is the GOD method (groundwater occurrence or aquifer type, overall lithology of aquifer, and depth of groundwater). Determining the groundwater vulnerability class with this method will be based on three parameters, namely type of aquifer, lithology or rock type, and depth of groundwater table. The GOD method divides each parameter into several classes in consonance to the weight of each parameter corresponding to the effect on groundwater vulnerability. Based on the results of the analysis, it is indicated that the area of PT. X is included in the category of negligible and moderate vulnerability. The results of the analysis can be used for recommendations for groundwater management in the study area. The GOD method can also be used to determine groundwater vulnerability in urban areas that have different land uses.
Research from coal fields show that increased production from coal mines resulted in a wider pit. Changes in the water catchment area resulted in changes in the calculation of mine water volume. Excessive mine water volume affects mining activities. Large amounts of water in the pit causes disruption in excavation and loading and hauling activities. Therefore, the design of mine drainage systems is required. The purpose of the study is to analyse statistically the parameters of the mine drainage system, and to design the mine drainage system; including open drain, sump, and settling pond. The research tools used include the calculation of runoff water discharge that requires statistical analysis for rainfall data processing and the determination of catchment area (CA). The open channel dimension and settling pond design is based on the sump volume calculation. The research area has high rainfall clased for the particle to settle is 30.38 minutes. The percsification, solid percent 2.66 % with settling rate 0.0027 m/s; the time requirentage of theoretically suctioned particle is 83 %, and the settling pond maintenance time that has 4 compartments is 15, 16, 19, and 23 days.
After the mining process, Melak coal mining conducts reclamation. One of the problems is the steep slope caused by the coal exploitation process. The slope is difficult to be replanted and the soil is easily eroded by rainwater. The hydroseeding combined with jute net method has been applied in this area, but the effectiveness and success of using that method have not been measured accurately. Therefore, this study aims to examine e x p li c it l y the effectiveness of hydroseeding combined with jute net method on the amount of erosion in this Melak Coal Mining site especially at the disposal slopes and low wall in pit. The observation was done by making two square area models in separate locations, which applied jute net and without jute net combined with hydroseeding technique. The seeds used were Centrosema Pubescens, Pueraria Javanica, and Calopogonium Mucunoides. Next, the actual erosion was compared to erosion prediction using the USLE. The average results of the actual erosion were: at jute net disposal 471.59 ton/acre and at non-jute net disposal 510.19 ton/acre; and at jute net in pit 896.23 ton/acre and at non-jute net in pit 974.43 ton/acre. The results of USLE calculation method were: at jute net disposal 944.56 ton/acre and at non-jute net disposal 1016.81 ton/acre; and at jute net in pit 1805.31 ton/acre and at non-jute net in pit 1917.10 ton/acre. The results indicated that the method was able to reduce about 89.57% of the sediment accumulation at disposal and about 96.62% at low wall.
ABSTRAKAir asam tambang (AAT) merupakan air dengan kandungan pH rendah (di bawah 5) yang ditimbulkan akibat industri pertambangan. AAT terbentuk dari bertemunya tiga komponen, yaitu batuan yang mengandung sulfat, air dan udara. Batuan yang mengandung asam (potential acid foarming) yang terkupas selama kegiatan penambangan dapat membentuk AAT setelah bertemu udara dan air yang berasal dari paparan air hujan langsung, air limpasan dan rembesan air tanah. Air limpasan yang tercemar tersebut mempunyai pH sekitar 2 – 4 dengan kandungan logam berat berupa Al, Fe, Mn, Cu dan Zn. Metoda dalam pengelolaan AAT terdiri dari sistem aktif dan sistem pasif. Paper ini membahas mengenai pengelolaan AAT dengan menggunakan sistem pasif wetland. Cakupan yang dibahas menyajikan beberapa hal terkait wetland diantaranya: ukuran wetland dan desain wetland yang tepat termasuk keasaman air yang keluar dari tambang (pH), kondisi reaksi oksidasi, laju aliran air serta waktu yang diperlukan dalam proses wetland serta luasan area yang tersedia untuk konstruksi wetland. Manfaat yang dihasilkan dari studi ini dapat digunakan untuk penelitian selanjutnya dalam rangka program penutupan tambang tembaga dan emas.Kata kunci: wetland, remediasi pasif, air asam tambang (AAT) Acid mine drainage (AMD) is the most significant environmental pollution problem with a low pH (below 5) caused by the mining industry. AMD is former from three components, exposed acid rock contain sulphate, water and air. The exposed acid rocks (potential acidic forming) during mining activities create a chemical reaction with air and water can be from seepage and run off. The water overflow from pit lake has a pH around 2 – 4 and contain heavy metals, i.e. Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn. The methods of AMD treatments that are active and passive systems. This paper discusses the AMD treatment using passive wetland system. Main factors passive removal of acidity and heavy metals using wetlad system when determining type and size appropriate wetland system include the influent acidity, pH, redox state, water flow rates and retention times, the area available for wetland. The benefits of this study for passive AMD treatment using wetland can be used for further research to supporting the copper and gold mine closure program. Keywords: wetland, passive reamediation, acid mine drainage
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