Solid-Liquid Extraction (SLE) using solvent of different polarities (CHCl 3 , EtOAc, and n-BuOH) has been applied to leaves and fruits from (Crataegus oxyacantha L.), a deciduous shrub with an expected rich phytochemical profile. The total polyphenols content and the radical scavenging activity of each extract were evaluated. These extracts were analyzed by HPLC-DAD and rutin, quercetin-3-glucoside, caftaric and caffeic acid had been positively identified. The phytochemical study of the ethyl acetate extract of C. oxyacantha , led to the isolation and structural elucidation of quercetin (1); quercetin-3-O-β-glucoside (2); epicatechin (3); naringenin (4), reported for the first time from this species except caffeic acid and epicatechin. These compounds were identified by 1D and 2D NMR combined analysis as well as by MS and UV.The antimicrobial activity of these extracts has also been tested, showing strong antibacterial activity-solvent dependent-against Gram positive bacteria. Additionally, bactericidal power was demonstrated in fruit extracts.
The obtained results support the traditional use of C. oxyacantha to cure gastrointestinal ailments and highlighted its possible use in the food and pharmaceutical industries as a source of natural antioxidant.
The present study investigates the phenolic composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of an ethyl acetate extract from C. triflorus L'Her. The phytochemical study on the aerial parts of C. triflorus belonging to the Fabaceae family led to the isolation and structural elucidation of 5-Hydroxy-7-O-glucosylflavone (P1), 5-Hydroxy-7-O-galactosylflavone (P2), 5,7-Dihydroxy-flavone (P3), 5,7,3'-Trihydroxy,4'-methoxy-flavone (P4). These compounds were identified by 1D and 2D NMR combined analysis as well as by UV. Ethyl acetate extract of C. triflorus showed a significant and dose-dependent antioxidant activity in vitro, related to the presence of phenolics (180.33±12.22 µg GAE/mg) and flavonoids (16.78±1.54 µg QE/mg). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus CECT 240 and Escherichia coli CECT 4099, by agar-diffusion method. The most active antibacterial activity was expressed by ethyl acetate extract of C. triflorus against Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus. The gathered results suggest that C. triflorus polyphenols and flavonoids are closely associated to its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.
The use of a matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) process to extract polyphenols from hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha L.) a deciduous shrub with an expected rich phytochemical profile, has been evaluated. MSPD extracts of fruits and leaves have an outstanding content of polyphenols, although the particular phenolic profile is solvent dependent. The extracts were analysed by HPLC-DAD for the accurate identification of the major bioactive polyphenols, some of which have never been described for this species. MSPD has proven to be a good alternative to the classic methods of obtaining natural extracts, fast and with low consumption of organic solvents, therefore, environmentally friendly. The bioactivities can be considered also very remarkable, revealing extracts with high levels of antioxidant activity.
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