The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid by six synthesized heterocyclic compounds was studied using weight loss measurements. The inhibition efficiency exceeded 95%. The excellent inhibitor performance was attributed to the formation of protection adsorption films on the steel surface. The structures of compounds were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The adsorption of inhibitor on steel surface followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Quantum chemical calculations were also adopted to clarify the inhibition mechanism.

A series of pyranopyrazoles, namely, 7-(2-aminoethyl)-3,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6(7H)-one (2), (Z)-3,4-dimethyl-1-(4-((4-nitrobenzylidene)amino)phenyl)pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-6(1H)-one (5), 1-(4-(3,4-dimethyl-6-oxopyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-1(6H)-yl)phenyl)-3-(naphthalen-1-yl)urea (6), (Z)-ethyl 4-((3,4-dimethyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-5-yl)diazenyl)benzoate (8) and 3,4-dimethyl-N-(naphthalen-1-yl)-6-oxopyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-1(6H)-carboxamide (9) were synthesized and characterized by means of their UV-VIS, FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data. Density Functional Theory calculations of the synthesized pyranopyrazoles were performed using molecular structures with optimized geometries. Molecular orbital calculations have provided detail description of the orbitals, including spatial characteristics, nodal patterns, and the contributions of individual atoms.

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A series of novel 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol and 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2,5-dithiol derivatives of benzimidazole were synthesized through nucleophilic substitution reaction of 5-substituted-2-(chloromethyl)-1H-benzimidazole, structures of the synthesized compounds were proved by spectral methods of analysis ( FT-IR, 1 H and 13 C NMR ). All the target compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity toward gram-negative (E.coli, P. aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (B. subtilis, S. aureus) bacteria, most of the synthesized derivatives exhibited good to moderate activity toward both Gram-positive (B. subtilis, S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E.coli, P. aeruginosa) bacteria.

Serious of some novel bis benzimidazole derivatives were designed and synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction of 5-(un)substituted-2-chloromethyl-1H-benzimidazole and 5-(un)substituted-2-mercapto-1H-benzimidazole in the presence of sodium in methanol. Spectral methods of analysis (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR) were used to confirm the structures of the synthesized compounds. Antibacterial activity were evaluated for most of the target compounds against four strains of bacteria including ( E.coli, P. aeruginosa ) as gram-negative bacteria and ( B. subtilis, S. aureus ) as gram-positive bacteria, the tested compounds showed various activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria used.

For urinalysis teaching and routine clinical imaging of urine, urine microscopic test needs slides that can be clearly examined for long term, which is still under focus. This study hypothesized, that poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and polystyrene (PS) could be able to reserve the urine components for a long time. Therefore, we explored, for the first time upon our knowledge, the potential of PVC and PS polymers to adhere the cover slide. The physical properties, viscosity, average molecular weight, the tensile strength and intrinsic viscosity of the polymers were determined. A normal slide (8 × 3 cm × 1 mm) was used to test a urine sample in the presence of either 3% PVC in tetra hydro‐furan(THF) or 3% PS. The results of imaging the PVC and PS slide indicate a clear and transparent vision. The PVC urine slide maintains normal components of urine up to a year, which did not observe in the PS slide. These results suggest that PVC is an effective polymer to protect urine compositions from hydrolyses or decomposition, which makes this novel urine slide a successful candidate for long‐term teaching of urinalyses.

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In this work, series of new chalcones derived from indole compounds were synthesized. In the first the compound 2-(1,1-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[e]indol-2-ylidene)malonaldehyde was synthesized from the reaction of 1,1,2-trimethyl-1H-benzo[e]indole with Phosphoryl chloride in in the presence of (DMF). Schiff base (C2) was prepared by reaction of 2-(1,1-dimethyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[e]indol-2-ylidene) malonaldehyde with 3-amino acetophenone and then the compounds (C3-C6) were synthesized by reacting compound (C2) with a different aryl aldehyde in the presence of potassium hydroxide. The chemical composition of the compounds was confirmed and characterized by spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, 1H-NMR and13C-NMR). Target compounds with different concentrations were investigated for their cytotoxic activity against the human breast cancer cell line MCF7. The results showed that the compounds had promising cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cell line especially compound (2) which showed the highest inhibition at the rate of 100 µg/mL among the tested compounds at varied concentrations.