The present study demonstrated that postconditioning may protect adult myocardium undergoing cold blood cardioplegic arrest. These data support the need for a further clinical trial of postconditioning in cardiac surgery.
Fontan procedure. Therefore, the sequence of events is consistent with the hypothesis that the increase in PA pressure may have been caused by obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy and was thereby reversed after tonsillectomy in this patient.Tonsillar hypertrophy is a common cause of OSA in children. Moderate-to-severe OSA is frequently associated with mild pulmonary hypertension, 3 which is characterized by mild pulmonary vascular remodeling and endothelial dysfunction, as shown in human and animal studies. 4,5 Therefore, it is possible that the magnitude of structural and functional alterations in pulmonary vasculature induced by nocturnal desaturation had significant impacts on the Glenn circulation, and that these changes were reversed after tonsillectomy in this case. Furthermore, it is interesting to speculate that such derangement in pulmonary circulation caused by OSA might have similar effects on hemodynamics in patients even after the Fontan procedure. This unique case implies that alleviation of OSA (ie, tonsillectomy) may be an efficacious treatment option for high-risk candidates for the Fontan procedure with high PA pressure after the Glenn procedure.
Although several epidemiological studies reported that maternal chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection had significantly increased risk of undergoing adverse obstetrical and perinatal outcomes, studies on the relationship between HCV infection and risk of preterm birth (PTB) have yielded inconclusive and inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between HCV infection and PTB. The electronic database was searched until 1 September 2014. Relevant studies reporting the association between HCV infection and the risk of PTB were included for further evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using revmen 5.3 and stata 10.0. Nine studies involving 4186698 participants and 5218 HCV infection cases were included. A significant association between HCV infection and PTB was observed (odds ratio = 1.62, 95% CI 1.48-1.76, P < 0.001, fixed-effects model). Stratification according to maternal smoking/alcohol abuse, maternal drug abuse or coinfected with HBV and/or HIV matched groups still demonstrated that women with HCV infection had a high risk for PTB. Findings from our meta-analysis suggested that maternal HCV infection was significantly associated with an increased risk of PTB. In the future, pathophysiological studies are warranted to ascertain the causality and explore the possible biological mechanisms involved.
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