Kaolinite-methanol-sodium stearate intercalation compound (Ka-MeOH-SS) was prepared by intercalation of kaolinite with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) followed by displacing of DMSO with methanol and methanol by sodium stearate. The sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis (thermogravimetry (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the basal spacing of Ka-MeOH-SS was enlarged to 45.5-47.9 Å and parts of its layers cocked and curled. Stearate ions were grafted on the methoxy groups and arrayed aslant in the interlayer space of kaolinite with an inclination angle of 47.45° to 52.17°. Sodium ions were adsorbed around the SiO 4 tetrahedron and interlayer carboxylate anions, whereas some of them entered into the ditrigonal hole of tetrahedral sheets. The thermal de-intercalation of Ka-MeOH-SS includes three steps and the activation energy E is 98.3 kJ mol −1 , logarithm of pre-exponential factor lg(A / s -1 ) is 9.71 and the mechanism function is f(α) = −ln (1 − α) and G(α) = 1 − α.
In the boiler combustion of power plants, the smoke loss is the main combustion heat loss of the boiler. Reducing the exhaust gas temperature is one of the main means to reduce the heat loss of the exhaust gas, and it is also the main measure for improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler in each power plant. This paper summarizes and discusses the application and economics of installing composite phase change heat exchangers for coal-fired boilers.
Abstract. CDIO concept is introduced into practical teaching. The practical teaching methods and practical management are discussed based on the project. The purpose of the study is to establish a perfect practical teaching management method, cultivate college students' innovation ability and practical ability of engineering practice.
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