Objetivo avaliar a prevalência de mordida aberta anterior e a possível associação com hábitos deletérios em crianças de três a cinco anos de escolas públicas de Vitória, ES. Métodos estudo longitudinal retrospectivo realizado no período de julho a novembro de 2010. A oclusopatia do tipo mordida aberta anterior foi diagnosticada no momento da pesquisa e a introdução e duração dos hábitos orais foi recuperada por meio de questionário aplicado aos responsáveis. O cálculo amostral resultou em um número de 920 crianças, já acrescido de 20% para compensar possíveis perdas. A seleção das escolas foi feita de forma aleatória. A coleta de dados utilizou um questionário semiestruturado e um exame clínico, com examinadores treinados (Kappa 0,86). A associação entre as variáveis foi verificada pelos testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher. Para avaliar a força da associação foi utilizado o OddsRatio. Resultados a prevalência de mordida aberta foi de 20%. Crianças que possuem o hábito de sucção digitaltiveram uma chance 3 vezes maior de apresentar mordida aberta, enquanto que para aqueles que usavam chupeta, o risco foi 5 vezes maior Conclusão a prevalência de mordida aberta anterior foi expressiva; hábitos de sucção não-nutritiva foram associados significantemente a presença de oclusopatias. Ressalta-se a importância de ações preventivas que possam conscientizar quanto ao uso correto dos hábitos orais.

Salivary glands (SGs) can be affected by lupus erythematosus (LE). Many authors debate whether this condition is a secondary manifestation of Sjögren syndrome (SS) or a glandular aspect of LE. The present study investigated the histopathological aspects of biopsied minor salivary glands from LE patients to analyze their peculiar features that lead to xerostomia. Twenty-three minor labial salivary gland (MLSG) cases were included in the study; the diagnosis of LE was rendered according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Twenty-three healthy MLSGs were used as a control, for comparison. Regarding lupus MLSG, the presence of hyalinization and thickening of ductal basement membrane, perivascular inflammatory infiltrate, epithelial spongiosis with no ductal lymphocytic aggression, vacuolar degeneration of the ductal cells and acinar serous metaplasia were statistically significant compared to the control group. In the LE group, there was a statistically significant correlation between acinar atrophy and acinar fibrosis; acinar atrophy and ductal ectasia; acinar fibrosis and ductal ectasia; ductal atrophy and ductal spongiosis with no lymphocytic focus, interstitial inflammatory infiltrate intensity and vasculitis as well as vascular thrombi and vasculitis. There were no morphological differences between the three subtypes of lupus analyzed. Minor salivary glands from patients diagnosed with LE present peculiar histopathological changes and may be a multisystemic presentation.

Background: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an important cause of xerostomia, and the presence of this symptom in lupus erythematosus (LE) is usually referred to as secondary SS. Although these diseases share many clinical and laboratory aspects, the histopathological changes of minor salivary glands (MSG) have been widely evaluated to determine whether this damage is specific for each disease. Based on this query, the aim of this study was to analyze morphological findings of minor salivary glands in pSS or LE. Methods: Two groups of 30 (MSG) from patients with pSS and LE were histopathologically evaluated, and the results were statistically analyzed using the two-tailed Fisher exact test. Results: The morphological changes were distinct among the groups and statistically significant. In pSS, the most evident features were the focal lymphocytic ductal aggression, with the focus score ≥1 and the periductal fibroplasia, while in LE, perivascular inflammatory infiltrate, spongiosis of ductal cells not associated with the exocytosis, and hyalinization of the periductal basement membrane were detected. Conclusions: These results indicated that in each disorder, MSG have their specific morphological changes, which lead to xerostomia, and the impairment of MSG in LE is probably due to a lupus sialadenitis.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of posterior cross bite and the possible association with deleterious oral habits in 3-5-year-old children from Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Material and Methods: This retrospective observational study with a longitudinal design used as parameters for sample calculation prevalence of 35%, confidence level of 95% and error of 5%. The final random sample included 903 children, proportionally distributed according to the number of children enrolled per school. Thus, the representative sample of 9,829 children enrolled in public schools of Vitória was guaranteed. A questionnaire with six open and eighteen closed items was used to collect data on socioeconomic status, age, sex and deleterious habits. Clinical exams were carried out by trained examiners (Kappa 0.86) for posterior cross bite diagnosis. The association between variables was verified by the Chi-Square Test and Fisher Exact Test. Odds Ratio evaluated the association strength. This research was approved by the UFES Ethics Research Committee. Results: The prevalence of cross bite was of 16.2% and children that used pacifier were two times more likely to develop posterior cross bite (OR = 1.775; CI 95% = 1.242; 2.537). Conclusion: The prevalence of posterior cross bite was expressive, and thumb sucking and pacifier use were considered risk factors. Association was verified with the habit of using pacifier, increasing twice the likelihood of presenting malocclusion and posterior cross bite.

Objective: The aim of this present review is to provide dentists a better understanding of Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SSp), clinical and epidemiological findings, also the etiopathogenic and histopathological features of the disease. Methods: The search was based on Pubmed/Medline and ScienceDirect database from 1991 to 2017. It was used keywords: “Sjögren’s syndrome”, “salivary gland”, “xerostomia”, “pathogenesis”, “diagnosis”, “minor salivary gland”, “ethiology”, “biopsy”. Discussion: Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SSp) is an autoimmune exocrinopathy involving mainly the lacrimal and salivary glands, resulting in reduced secretory functions and classical sicca symptoms, such as dry eyes and dry mouth. The hallmark of the histopathological features is the presence of aggregates of mononuclear leukocytes surrounding ducts and acini. Others systemic manifestations can also be present, leading to considerable morbidity in the affected patients. The lastest diagnosis criteria of SSp was published in 2017, becoming a historical landmark in the early diagnosis of the disease, reducing the high number of underdiagnosis and improving therapeutic intervention. Conclusion: This review approached the clinical-epidemiological and histopathological features, and etiopathogenic factors of SSp, supporting a better comprehension of this multifactorial disease and needing a multidisciplinary approach and the role of the dentist in the clinical conduct of the patients affected by this syndrome.

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Steam Cell Transplantation (allo-HSCT) treat a wide range of malignancies, including: neoplastic and non-neoplastic hematologic disease and immune deficiency states, and autoimmune disease. Chronic Graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major late complication of allo-HSCT, representing a clinical syndrome characterized by complex allogeneic and autoimmune dysregulation of the immune system, leading cause of non-relapse-related morbility and mortality among long-term transplant survivors. The oral cavity is frequently involved, as the second most common site involved after skin due to HSCT.The spectrum of clinical manifestation and histopathological characteristics of oral cGVHD are similar to several autoimmune conditions including Sjögren syndrome, oral lichen planus and scleroderma.Ancillary therapy is used for symptomatic oral mucosal or erythematous or ulcerative disease in GVHD treatment by using routine systemic drugs, several topical treatments as corticosteroids, non-corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and phototherapy. For affected salivary glands, artificial saliva or saliva stimulators are commonly used to relief the xerostomia symptoms.

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Steam Cell Transplantation (allo-HSCT) treat a wide range of malignancies, including: neoplastic and non-neoplastic hematologic disease and immune deficiency states, and autoimmune disease. Chronic Graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major late complication of allo-HSCT, representing a clinical syndrome characterized by complex allogeneic and autoimmune dysregulation of the immune system, leading cause of non-relapse-related morbility and mortality among long-term transplant survivors. The oral cavity is frequently involved, as the second most common site involved after skin due to HSCT.The spectrum of clinical manifestation and histopathological characteristics of oral cGVHD are similar to several autoimmune conditions including Sjögren syndrome, oral lichen planus and scleroderma.Ancillary therapy is used for symptomatic oral mucosal or erythematous or ulcerative disease in GVHD treatment by using routine systemic drugs, several topical treatments as corticosteroids, non-corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and phototherapy. For affected salivary glands, artificial saliva or saliva stimulators are commonly used to relief the xerostomia symptoms.

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