The present study aimed to investigate the effects of olive oil or nigella sativa oil as antioxidant dilutants on semen quality and hatchability upon semen storage at 5 o C. A 3x4 factorial experimental designs was performed including three dilutant sources {semen diluted 1: 1 with lake diluent (LD) sered as a control, semen diluted at 1ml semen: 1ml with LD and supplemented with olive oil or with nigella sativa oil (1 ml/l00 ml of diluent), respectively} and four storage time (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours at5 o C). A total number of 60 cocks and 180 hens at 38-week-old were used to provide data on sperm assess and hatchability. The obtained results show significant (P<0.01) increased sperm motility (%), and decreased dead spermatozoa (%), abnormal spermatozoa (%) and acrosomal damage (%) of cocks consequently, better hatchability rate of hens treated with diluted semen with nigella sativa oil (NSO) followed by olive oil (OO) compared to the control during different storage time (0, 24, 48 and 72 hours at of 5 o C). Percentage of sperm motility of cocks and hatchability rate of hens were decreased, while dead spermatozoa (%), spermatozoa abnormal (%) and acrosomal damage (%) of cocks were significantly (P<0.01) increased with the advancement of storage time. Therefore, Nigella sativa oil and olive oil could be used to improve the semen quality of cocks when stored at 5°C, up to72 hours, as well as hatchability rate of Mandarah laying hens.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium bentonite (Na-B) (0, 5 and 10 g/kg diet) and chromium picolinate (CrPic) (0, 800 and 1200 µg Cr /kg diet) in the diet on growth performance, the mortality rate; some blood serum constituents, as well as the immune response and economic efficiency of male chicks of local strain Matrouh during the growing period. 540 one-day old male chicks were randomly chosen from a flock reared on the floor and distributed into 9 treatment groups (60 males / each treatment) in a factorial arrange. Feed with Na-B supplementation (5 and 10 g /kg diet) had a significant positive effect (P≤0.05) on body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and feed intake (FI), as well as, serum globulin, triodothyronine hormone (T3), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and decrease in mortality rate and malonidialdehyde (MDA) values. However, feed conversion ratio (FCR), total antibody responses against SRBCs, total protein, albumin, growth hormone (GH), cholesterol and calcium were insignificantly affected by these treatments, but they gave the highest net return and best economic efficiency (P≤0. 01) compared to their controls at 12 wks of age. Supplementation of 800 or 1200 μg CrPic /kg diet significantly increased BW, BWG and improved FCR, as well as, a titer of SRBCs, serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and GH concentrations. While, the mortality rate and serum cholesterol were significant (P≤0. 05) decreased. However, there were no significant differences among treatments in calcium, T3, MDA and GPX. Supplemented diets with CrPic gave the highest net return and best economic efficiency (P≤0. 01) compared to their controls. Moreover, BW, BWG, FI and FCR, mortality rate, serum globulin and calcium influenced by the interaction between dietary Na-B and CrPic. Whereas, SRBCs, total protein, albumin, GH, cholesterol, T3, MDA and GPX were not significantly influenced by their interaction. It is clear that, supplementing the chick's diet with both 10 g Na-B and 1200 µg CrPic /kg diet alone or together is recommended for improving most of the growth performance, serum biochemical traits as well as improved immune responses and gave the highest net return and best economic efficiency during the growing period of Matrouh male chicks
A total of 168 laying hens and 21 cocks of Matrouh local strain at 24 weeks of age (At 43.93 % egg production)was used in a completely randomized design among seven treatment groups with three replicates per treatment group (8 hens and 1 cock per replicate).Birds are biweekly injected, up to 36 weeks of age (12 weeks). The 1 st treatment group of birds were injected with saline solution 0.9% only and served as control, The birds in 2 nd and 3 rd treatment groups, were injected subcutaneously with 100 and 200 μg Gibberellic acid (GA3)/kg body weight (BW), respectively. The 4 th and 5 th treatment groups were injected with50 and 100 μg Royal Jelly (RJ)/kg BW, respectively. The 6 th treatment group was injected subcutaneously with 50μg GA3 plus25μg RJ/kg BW. The 7 th treatment group was injected subcutaneously with 100 μg GA3 plus 50μg RJ/kg BW. The same 7 treatment groups were used also, on 21 cocks in individual batteries to take semen quality. The obtained results revealed that, Injection with 100 , 200 μg GA3 or50 , 100 μg RJ /kg BW of Matrouh chicks improved significantly (P<0.05 and P<0.01) body weight changes (BWC),fertility eggs %, hatchability/total eggs % and chicks hatch weight (g), sperm-cell concentration (X 10 9 /ml) and sperm motility (%), while significantly (P<0.05) decreased each of dead spermatozoa (%), sperm abnormalities (%), and acrosomal damage (%) as compared with the control group. Layers injected by 100 , 200 μgGA3/kg body weight showed significantly (P≤0. 05 and P≤0. 01) improved feed conversion ratio (FCR), egg production (EP)% and egg mass (EM) compared with those the groups 170 EZZAT et al. 50 , 100 μg RJ /kg BW and control groups through the whole of the experimental period. Injection with 50, 100 μg of RJ /kg BW caused to increase significantly (P≤0. 01) in IgG and IgM and primary and secondary antibody titer against sheep red blood cells (SRBC's) in hens as compared with100, 200 μg of GA3and the control group. Injection 100 , 200 μg of GA3 /kg BW caused to increase significantly (P≤0. 05 and P≤0. 01) in concentration of estrogen in hens and testosterone of cocks, FSH and LH in hens and cocks when compared with those in control group. In conclusion, injection with 100, 200 μg GA3 /kg BW improved productive, reproductive and physiological performance of males and females Matrouh. Furthermore, the RJ-treated groups had significantly improved immune responses in hens and the quality of semen parameters in cocks under summer season conditions in Egypt.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of propolis and zinc methionine (Zn-Met) supplementation on improvement of productive, reproductive and immunity performance of local developed Insash strain under Egyptian summer conditions. A total number of 180 laying hens and 36 cocks of Inshas chicken at 24 weeks of age was used and divided into equal 6 experimental groups (30 hens + 6 cocks), each of three replicates (10 hens +2 cock in each replicate). The obtained results revealed a significant (P<0.05) improvement in egg production percentage, egg mass and feed conversion ratio in the groups fed propolis at the level of 100 or 300 mg plus 80 mg Zn-Met or at 300 mg propolis only /kg diet as compared with the control group. Percentage of fertile eggs, serum ALT, dead spermatozoa, sperm abnormalities, were significantly improved at the level of 100 or 300 mg propolis either alone or plus 80 mg Zn-Met /kg diet. While, percentage of hatchability, sperm motility, sperm cell concentration, were significantly increased in the group received 300 mg propolis only or plus 80 mg Zn-Met /kg diet. Serum total protein, globulin and cholesterol, acrosomal damage, immune response after injection of phytohemoaglutinine (PHA-P), serum IgG and IgM esteems were significantly (P<0.05) enhanced in all supplemented groups compared with the contrasted control. Digestibility coefficients of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and organic matter (OM) were significantly (P<0.05) improved at the level of 100 or 300 mg propolis plus 80 mg Zn-Met /kg diet or at 300 mg propolis /kg diet alone, while AST and ether extract (EE) were significantly (P<0.05) improved at the level of 300 mg propolis /kg diet.Therefore, it could be concluded that, supplementation of 300 mg propolis either single or plus 80 Zn-Met /kg diet is recommended for improving most of productive and reproductive, traits including egg production, semen quality, fertility, hatchability and serum biochemical traits as wellas immune response.
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